雪茄特征香韵净油制备分离研究  

Study on preparation and separation of cigar leaf purified oil with characteristic fragrance

作　　者：蒋忠荣 李品鹤 姬凌波 薛芳 叶烨 李东亮 JIANG Zhongrong;LI Pinhe;JI Lingbo;XUE Fang;YE Ye;LI Dongliang(Technology Center,China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610066,China;Greatwall Cigar Factory,China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Shifang 618400,China;Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]四川中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,四川成都610066 [2]四川中烟工业有限责任公司长城雪茄烟厂,四川618400 [3]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2024年第2期115-124,共10页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：四川中烟工业有限责任公司科研项目“中式雪茄‘醇甜香’品类醇化养护介质关键技术研究与应用”(ctx201906)。

摘　　要：为开发雪茄特征香韵净油,以古巴碎叶为对象,通过对比石油醚提取、超临界萃取和亚临界萃取三种制备工艺对雪茄烟叶净油挥发性成分、感官品质和提取率的影响,选取亚临界萃取工艺并优化其工艺条件,同时采用分子蒸馏技术对亚临界萃取烟叶净油进行组分分离。研究结果如下:(1)综合考虑挥发性成分、感官品质和提取率等因素,确定采用亚临界萃取工艺制备雪茄烟叶净油;(2)进行单因素考察实验,确定亚临界萃取工艺条件为,料液比1:15、夹带剂添加量0.75 mL/g、萃取温度40℃、萃取时间30 min、萃取次数3次,此条件下雪茄烟叶净油提取率为4.55%;(3)亚临界萃取雪茄烟叶净油经过分子蒸馏分离,得到4级轻组分和重组分,根据感官评吸和GC-MS分析,分子蒸馏工艺可设定为60℃和100℃两个温度梯度,得到作用效果不同的2个轻组分。本研究可为雪茄特征香韵净油制备和雪茄废弃烟叶的高价值利用提供一定参考。For the development of cigar leaf purified oil with characteristic fragrance,Cuba crushed cigar leaves were extracted using petroleum ether,subcritical fluid and supercritical fluid,respectively.Volatile components,sensory quality and extraction rate of the prepared cigar leaf purified oil were comparatively analyzed,and the processing conditions of subcritical fluid extraction method were optimized.Furthermore,molecular distillation technology was used for the separation of components of cigar leaf purified oil.The results were as follows:1)In terms of volatile components,sensory evaluation,and extraction rate,the subcritical fluid extraction method was the best.2)A single-factor experiment was conducted to determine the subcritical extraction process conditions:solid-liquid ratio of 1:15,entrainer addition of 0.75 mL/g,extraction temperature of 40℃,extraction time of 30 minutes,and extraction repeated 3 times.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of cigar tobacco essential oil was 4.55%.3)The purified oil of crushed cigar leaves was separated by molecular distillation,and the light and heavy components were obtained.According to the sensory assessment and GC-MS analysis,the molecular distillation process can be set at two temperature gradients of 60℃and 100℃,and two light components with different action effects can be obtained.This study can provide reference for preparation of cigar leaf purified oil with characteristic fragrance and the high value utilization of crushed cigar leaves.

关 键 词：古巴碎叶 净油 制备工艺 亚临界萃取 分子蒸馏 

分 类 号：TS426[农业科学—烟草工业]