中国制造产业链集聚的生产率效应  

The Productivity Effect of China’s Manufacturing Industry Chain Agglomeration

作　　者：刘维林[1] 颜钶洋 LIU Weilin;YAN Keyang

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济与社会发展研究院,天津300071

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2024年第4期103-123,共21页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“超大规模市场优势与现代化产业体系建设研究”(23&ZD042),项目负责人:刘维林;国家自然科学基金项目“新发展格局下中国产业全要素生产率提升的理论机制与效应测度:基于全球生产网络视角”(72373075),项目负责人:刘维林。

摘　　要：发挥产业链集聚优势以提升中国制造业的全要素生产率是应对全球产业链重组和推进中国产业体系现代化的关键途径。本文利用2003—2015年中国工业企业数据库和《中国投入产出表》的数据,在专业化和多样化空间集聚的理论基础上,提出上下游集聚影响全要素生产率的理论假说,构建了基于区位熵和投入产出关联的产业链集聚指标,并运用多种计量模型对理论假说进行检验。结果发现:产业链上游、下游空间集聚能够显著促进产业全要素生产率的提升,且下游空间集聚的作用大于上游空间集聚,该结论在一系列内生性和稳健性检验后依然成立。产业市场集中度发挥了中介机制作用,而固定资产占比下降能够强化产业链空间集聚对全要素生产率提高的促进作用。进一步分析表明,产业链空间集聚对全要素生产率的影响因产业内在发展特点和外部成长环境的不同而存在异质性。本文的研究从产业链集聚视角为推进中国制造业高质量发展和产业链供应链现代化提供了政策启示。Giving full play to the advantages of industrial chain agglomeration to improve the total factor productivity of China's manufacturing industry is the key way to cope with the restructuring of the global industrial chain and promote the modernization of China's industrial system.Based on the data from the China Industrial Enterprise database from 2003 to 2015 and the Input-output Table of China,this paper puts forward the theoretical hypothesis that the upstream and downstream agglomeration affects the total factor productivity on the basis of the theory of specialization and diversified spatial agglomeration,constructs the industrial chain agglomeration index based on location entropy and input-output correlation,and uses a variety of econometric models to test the theoretical hypothesis.The results show that the upstream and downstream spatial agglomeration of the industrial chain can significantly promote the improvement of industrial TFP,and the effect of the downstream spatial agglomeration is greater than that of the upstream spatial agglomeration.Industrial market concentration plays an intermediary role,and the decline in the proportion of fixed assets can strengthen the promoting effect of spatial agglomeration of the industrial chain on TFP.Further analysis shows that the impact of industrial chain spatial agglomeration on TFP is heterogeneous according to the internal development characteristics of the industry and the external growth environment.This paper provides policy implications for promoting the high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry and the modernization of the industrial chain and supply chain from the perspective of industrial chain agglomeration.

关 键 词：产业链集聚 全要素生产率 投入产出关联 制造业 

分 类 号：F423[经济管理—产业经济]