国外军事航空医学研究热点  

Research hot topics in the field of military aviation medicine abroad

作　　者：张向阳 杜思铭 邢航 Zhang Xiangyang;Du Siming;Xing Hang(Editorial Department of Periodicals,Air Force Medical Center,Air Force Medical University,PLA,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学空军特色医学中心研究部期刊编辑部,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2023年第4期247-251,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的总结回顾国外航空医学领域的热点问题, 掌握军事航空医学最新研究进展, 为我军开展该领域的研究提供参考借鉴。资料来源公开发表的军事航空医学领域相关文献。资料引用公开发表的相关期刊论文33篇, 专著1部, 报告2篇, 电子公告1份。资料综合长航时导致的飞行疲劳和作业能力降低, 缺氧导致认知能力的下降, 日常训练和执行高强度作战任务时如何提高耐力和体能是目前国外军事航空医学研究的热点。在航空医学领域中飞行疲劳与情绪-认知相互作用。视觉失匹配负波可能是低氧暴露时感觉和认知障碍的早期和可靠的预测指标。飞行人员颈腰椎损伤影响因素及防治一直是航空医学工作者普遍关心和关注的问题, 同时美国飞行人员体能训练和考核标准也发生了明显的变化。结论应继续关注疲劳、缺氧及颈腰椎损伤对飞行人员的影响, 全面系统地增强飞行人员的认知能力与体能训练, 建设更为适合我军的航空医学体系, 提高飞行效能, 最大限度地保证飞行人员的安全和身心健康, 为执行多样化军事任务提供有力的航空医学保障。Objective To summarize and review the hot topics in the field of aviation medicine abroad and to grasp the latest research progress in military aviation medicine,so as to provide references for future research in this field.Literature resource and selection Relevant published literatures on the subject of military aviation medicine.Literature quotation Thirty-three relevant published journal articles,1 monograph,2 reports,and 1 electronic bulletin.Literature synthesis Issues such as flight fatigue and reduced operational capability due to long-duration flights,cognitive decline due to hypoxia,and strategies to enhance endurance and physical fitness during daily training and execution of high-intensity combat tasks are current hot topics in foreign military aviation medicine research.In the field of aviation medicine,flight fatigue is interacted with emotional cognitive.Visual mismatch negative waves may be an early and reliable predictor of sensory and cognitive impairment during hypoxic exposure.The influencing factors and prevention and treatment of cervical and lumbar spine injuries in flying personnel have always been a common concern for aviation medical professionals.At the same time,the changes in physical fitness training and assessment standards for American flying personnel have also changed significantly.Conclusions The continuous attention should be on the effects of fatigue,hypoxia,and cervical and lumbar spine injuries on flying personnel.It is crucial to comprehensively and systematically enhance the cognitive abilities and physical training of flying personnel,to build an aviation medical system more suited to our military,to improve flight capabilities and work efficiency,and to ensure the maximum safety and physical and mental health of flying personnel,thereby to provide robust aviation medical support for executing diverse military missions.

关 键 词：飞行疲劳 情绪状态 缺氧 视觉功能 颈腰椎损伤 体能训练 飞行人员 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]