印度地区领导力建构及其国际公共产品供给逻辑  

The Construction of India s Regional Power Leadership and ItsLogic of International Public Goods Supply

作　　者：曹德军 Cao Dejun

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《印度洋经济体研究》2024年第2期114-129,155,156,共18页Indian Ocean Economic and Political Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国特色大国外交能力建设研究”(项目批准号:19ZDA135)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：国际领导力源自合法性认同,大国通过供给国际公共产品能够促进自我利益与集体利益的平衡统一。在相互依存的全球治理格局中,领导性大国依托广泛的社会关系网络,可以在共同体内外夯实领导力的社会基础。印度作为传统的南亚地区大国,冷战后在国际舞台上日趋活跃,推进区域政治领导力的意愿与能力均显著增强。在长期睦邻外交实践中,印度将自己置于南亚政治网络的中心位置,通过发起区域互联互通倡议、强化基础设施援助与供给区域公共产品,强化区域领导力的合法性基础。但在大国地缘政治竞争背景下,印度主导的区域互联互通项目存在与中国“一带一路”倡议重叠竞争的压力。在南亚区域一体化合作方面,南盟区域组织发展受制于印度偏好而进程缓慢。长期以来,南亚区域合作中的印式领导力面临巴基斯坦的尖锐质疑,而且尼泊尔、不丹、斯里兰卡的战略追随也时常摇摆不定。为进一步夯实领导力的合法性基础,印度需要供给更高质量的区域公共产品以争取追随者的政治认同,同时消解因大国竞争与区域冲突所引发的不确定挑战。International leadership comes from the recognition of legitimacy,and major powers can promote the balance and unity of self-interests and collective interests by providing international public goods.In the interdependent global governance landscape,leading powers can rely on extensive social relations networks to consolidate the social foundation of leadership within and outside the community.As a traditional regional power in South Asia,India has become increasingly active in the international arena after the Cold War,and its willingness and ability to promote regional political leadership have been significantly enhanced.In its long-term good-neighborly diplomacy practice,India has placed itself at the center of the South Asian political network and strengthened the legitimacy of regional leadership by launching regional connectivity initiatives,enhancing infrastructure assistance,and providing regional public goods.However,under the influence of major power geopolitics,there is partial overlap and competition between the regional connectivity promoted by India and China s BRI initiative.In terms of the quality of regional cooperation in South Asia,the SAARC regional integration process led by India has developed slowly;India s leadership in regional cooperation in South Asia has long faced sharp questions from Pakistan,and the strategic followings of Nepal,Bhutan,and Sri Lanka have often wavered.The legitimacy of leadership comes from the political trust and recognition of followers.India s practice of providing public goods in South Asia shows that its leadership legitimacy foundation is not solid,and it often faces competition and challenges from regional neighbors.

关 键 词：国际公共产品 南亚区域合作 印度区域领导力 政治合法性 

分 类 号：D835.1[政治法律—政治学] D81[政治法律—外交学]