山东省居民戴口罩行为与健康素养的关联性分析  

The association between behaviors of wearing masks and health literacy among residents in Shandong Province

作　　者：冷艳[1] 刘维量[1] 王连森[1] 周培静[1] 侯家祥[1] 孙桐[1] 魏霞[1] 李瑞 LENG Yan;LIU Wei-liang;WANG Lian-sen;ZHOU Pei-jing;HOU Jia-xiang;SUN Tong;WEI Xia;LI Rui(Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心健康教育与促进所,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第3期224-229,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(202012071413,202212051002)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨新冠感染前和期间居民戴口罩行为改变与健康素养的关联。方法 采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法,采用入户问卷调查的方式,对山东省3427名15~69岁居民进行横断面调查。采用复杂样本Logistic回归模型分析居民戴口罩行为变化与健康素养的关联。结果 感染期间,96.69%的居民基本能做到外出佩戴口罩,但仅有33.94%的居民知道口罩的正确佩戴方法。复杂抽样Logistic回归分析结果显示,与低水平健康素养相比,中等水平健康素养[OR(95%CI):4.50(3.11~6.50),P<0.001]、高水平健康素养[OR(95%CI):9.05(4.82~17.02),P<0.001]对口罩佩戴方法正确回答的影响有统计学意义。与感染前相比,感染期间54.56%的居民戴口罩行为良好,42.13%的居民戴口罩行为变好,3.31%的居民戴口罩行为较差。复杂抽样Logistic回归分析结果显示,与低水平健康素养相比,中等水平健康素养[OR(95%CI):12.55(3.60~43.72),P=0.001]、高水平健康素养[OR(95%CI):26.23(2.77~248.03),P=0.008]对戴口罩行为良好的影响有统计学意义;中等水平健康素养[OR(95%CI):13.83(3.68~52.04),P=0.001]、高水平健康素养[OR(95%CI):29.60(3.28~267.14),P=0.006]对戴口罩行为变好的影响有统计学意义。结论 居民戴口罩行为改变与健康素养相关。健康素养水平越高的居民戴口罩行为越好,高水平健康素养人群戴口罩行为变好的比例高于低水平健康素养人群。Objective To explore the association between behaviors changing of wearing masks and health literacy before and during the pandemic of COVID-19.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shandong Province.By using stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method,a total of 3247 residents aged 15-69 years were included in this study.Complex samples logistic regression model was conducted to explore the association between behaviors of wearing masks and health literacy.Results During the epidemic of COVID-19,96.69% of residents worn masks when they going out,only 33.94% of them knew how to wear masks correctly.Complex samples Logistic regression analysis showed that compared to the residents with low health literacy,residents with intermediate health literacy[OR(95%CI):4.50(3.11-6.50),P<0.001]and residents with adequate health literacy[OR(95%CI):9.05(4.82-17.02),P<0.001]had significant influence on wearing masks correctly.During the epidemic of COVID-19,54.56% of the residents had good behaviors of wearing masks,42.13% of the residents′ behaviors of wearing masks changed better,and 3.31% of the residents had poorly behaviors of wearing masks.Complex samples logistic regression analysis showed that compared to the residents with low health literacy,residents with intermediate health literacy[OR(95%CI):12.55(3.60-43.72),P=0.001]and residents with adequate health literacy[OR(95%CI):26.23(2.77-248.03),P=0.008]were more likely to have good behaviors of wearing masks.Residents with intermediate health literacy[OR(95%CI):13.83(3.68-52.04),P=0.001]and residents with adequate health literacy[OR(95%CI):29.60(3.28-267.14),P=0.006]had significant influence on the changing better of mask wearing behaviors.Conclusion The behaviors changing of wearing masks among residents were related to their health literacy.Residents with adequate health literacy had better behaviors of wearing masks than those who with low health literacy.The behaviors changing of wearing masks of residents with adequate health literacy were bet

关 键 词：健康素养 行为 关联 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]