基于黏性蒸馏-气相分离的冶金级粗碲提纯方法  

Purification of metallurgical-grade crude tellurium based on viscous distillation and gas-phase separation

作　　者：黄大鑫 蒋文龙[1,2,3] 徐宝强[1,2,3] 查国正 杨斌[1,2,3] Da-xin HUANG;Wen-long JIANG;Bao-qiang XU;Guo-zheng ZHA;Bin YANG(National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程研究中心,昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093 [3]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》2024年第3期1037-1048,共12页中国有色金属学报（英文版）

基　　金：the National Key R&D Program (No. 2022YFC2904900);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1902221);the Construction of High-level Talents of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China (No. 20210172);the Leading Talents of Industrial Technology in Ten Thousand Talents Plan of Yunnan Province,China;the Scientist Studio of Yunnan Province,China。

摘　　要：开发一种基于黏性蒸馏-气相分离的高纯碲材料制备方法。通过调节冷凝器结构和冷凝温度,达到黏性蒸馏、控制碲优势冷凝区的目的,使挥发性差的物质留在残留物中,而硒在气相中与碲分离,实现冶金级粗碲的提纯。研究饱和蒸气压、碲分子平均自由程、不同冷凝位置的杂质分布特征以及冷凝物形貌。500 g级的实验结果表明,在5 Pa、773 K和90 min的最佳实验条件下,碲的直收率为83.40%,纯度高于99.9996%,碲优势冷凝区冷凝物中硒含量降低至2.76×10^(-4)%(质量分数)。A method for preparing high-purity tellurium based on viscous distillation and gas-phase separation was developed.By adjusting the condenser structure and condensing temperature to achieve viscous distillation,the dominant condensation zone for tellurium was controlled;hence,poorly volatile substances remained in the crucible,while selenium was separated from tellurium in the gas phase to achieve the purification of metallurgical-grade crude tellurium.Specifically,the saturated vapor pressure,mean free path of tellurium,impurity distribution,and morphologies of the condensate at different locations were investigated in detail.The results for a 500 g upscaled experiment showed that the direct yield of Te was 83.40%,the purity of Te reached higher than 99.9996 wt.%and the selenium content in the dominant condensation zone was reduced to 2.76×10^(-4) wt.%under the optimal experimental conditions of 5 Pa,773 K and 90 min.

关 键 词：高纯碲 除硒 提纯 平均自由程 优势冷凝区 

分 类 号：TF843[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]