长期紫云英还田与化肥配施对土壤团聚体中黏粒矿物组成的影响  

Influences on compositions of clay minerals in soil aggregates by the long-term returning to the field of Chinese milk vetch and the combined application of chemical fertilizer

作　　者：谢坤[1] 陈雨露 耿明建[1] 聂军[2] 鲁艳红[2] 廖育林[2] 黄丽[1] XIE Kun;CHEN Yulu;GENG Mingjian;NIE Jun;LU Yanhong;LIAO Yulin;HUANG Li(Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation(Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430000,China;Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation(Hunan),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农业农村部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖南省土壤肥料研究所农业农村部湖南耕地保育科学观测实验站,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《矿物学报》2024年第1期143-154,共12页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41977020);国家绿肥产业体系(编号:CARS-22)。

摘　　要：在湖南南县长期紫云英-双季稻轮作试验的基础上,选择单施紫云英(MV)、单施化肥(F100)和紫云英配施全量化肥(MV+F100)处理,研究不同施肥处理下土壤大团聚体(>250μm)、小团聚体(53~250μm)、粉黏粒(2~53μm)及<2μm团聚体的黏粒组分(100~2000、25~100 nm)中矿物的类型、含量和分布特征。结果表明,不同处理各粒级团聚体黏粒组分中的矿物组成相似,主要以伊利石和高岭石为主,包含少量蛭石和1.4nm过渡矿物。MV和MV+F100处理中,相比于<2μm团聚体,大团聚体、小团聚体及粉黏粒中100~2000 nm组分高岭石含量有所降低,蛭石含量增加。与MV相比,MV+F100处理明显增加了<2μm团聚体颗粒中伊利石的相对含量,以及各粒级团聚体颗粒中蛭石的相对含量。随着各团聚体黏粒组分由100~2000nm减小至25~100nm,黏粒矿物的类型减少,伊利石的相对含量显著提高,高岭石含量降低且结晶度变差。与F100相比,MV+F100处理中各粒级团聚体100~2000 nm颗粒的硅铝率明显降低,出现脱硅富铝化现象。Based on the experiment of long-term application of Chinese milk vetch-double cropping rice rotation in Nanxian County,Hunan Province,an experiment was conducted in this paper to investigate types,contents and distribution characteristics of clay minerals in various clay fractions(100-2000nm,25-100 nm)within four kinds of soil aggregates including the large aggregates(>250μm),small aggregates(53-250μm),silty clay aggregates(2-53μm),and micron aggregates(<2μm)in soils which were respectively treated by using the single application of Chinese milk vetch(MV),single application of chemical fertilizer(F100),and combined application of the MV and chemical fertilizer(MV+F100).Results show that there are similar mineral compositions in different sized aggregates within soils which were treated by using three treatments.They are mainly illite and kaolinite,with a small amount of vermiculite and 1.4 nm sized transition minerals.Compared with the micron aggregates(<2μm)in treated soils by using the MV and the MV+F100,the 100-2000 nm sized kaolinite contents of large aggregates(>250μm),small aggregates(53-250μm)and silty clay aggregates(2-53μm)in those treated soils are relatively low,while vermiculite contents of those respective aggregates are relatively high.Compared with the soil treated by using the MV,the relative content of illite in the micron aggregates(<2μm)in the soil treated by using the MV+F100 is obviously increased,and the relative contents of vermiculite in various sized aggregates of soils treated by using the MV+F100 are obviously increased.With the decrease of particle sizes of clay minerals from 100-2000 nm to 25-100 nm and the decrease of types of clay minerals,the relative contents of illite are increased significantly,but those of kaolinite are decreased and the crystallinities of kaolinite are more poorer.Compared with treated soils by using the F100,the silica-alumina ratios of 100-2000 nm sized particles within various sized aggregates in treated soils by using the MV+F100 are significantly

关 键 词：紫云英还田 化肥 土壤团聚体 黏粒矿物 颗粒 

分 类 号：P579[天文地球—矿物学] S153.6[天文地球—地质学]