托卡尔丘克《糜骨之壤》中的宇宙生态观与伦理之问  

Concept of Cosmic Ecology and Ethical Questions in Olga Tokarczuk's Drive Your Plow over the Bones of the Dead

作　　者：刘勇君 王敏[1] LIU Yongjun;WANG Min(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Xi'an International Studies University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710128)

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学中国语言文学学院,陕西西安710128

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2024年第4期86-92,共7页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目“解构主义视野下的艾丽丝·门罗小说研究”(2020H002)。

摘　　要：波兰女作家奥尔加·托卡尔丘克的小说《糜骨之壤》创新性地将占星术与侦破谋杀案的线性叙事模式结合起来,巧妙地通过设计“动物复仇案”来探讨生态伦理难题。小说通过占星术探寻了人类活动与宇宙生态秩序之间的潜隐联系,强调在宇宙空间视域下审视生态整体价值。作为探索人类自我与宇宙生态关系的一种工具,小说中的占星术不仅充当了人类活动与深层生态的对话媒介,也为后续的生态伦理冲突起到一种预警作用,继而引出人物所面临的生态伦理选择的认知困境。最后,托卡尔丘克发出了“利己”还是“利他”的伦理之问,引发人们关于伦理正义性问题的思考。Drive Your Plow over the Bones of the Dead by the Polish female author Olga Tokarczuk innovatively combines astrology with the linear narrative mode of murder detection,and cleverly discusses ecological ethical questions by designing an"animal revenge case".The novel seeks for a latent connection between human activities and cosmic ecological orders through astrology,and emphasizes an examination of overall ecological values from the perspective of cosmic space.As a tool to explore the relationship between mankind and cosmic ecology,the astrology in the novel not only serves as a dialogue medium between human activities and deep ecology,but also plays an early warning role for subsequent ecological ethical conflicts,thus giving rise to a cognitive dilemma of ecological ethical choices faced by the character.Finally,Tokarczuk raises ethical questions about“self-interest”or“altruism”,which make people think about the issue of ethical justice.

关 键 词：奥尔加·托卡尔丘克 《糜骨之壤》 生态伦理 宇宙生态观 占星术 伦理选择 伦理智慧 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]