我国算力发展的需求、电力能耗及绿色低碳转型对策  

Development demand,power energy consumption and green and low-carbon transition for computing power in China

作　　者：陈晓红 曹廖滢[1,3] 陈姣龙 张静辉 曹文治 汪阳洁 CHEN Xiaohong;CAO Liaoying;CHEN Jiaolong;ZHANG Jinghui;CAO Wenzhi;WANG Yangjie(School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,Hunan University of Technology and Business,Changsha 410205,China;Business School,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Changsha Social Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence,Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工商大学前沿交叉学院,长沙410205 [2]中南大学商学院,长沙410083 [3]长沙人工智能社会实验室,长沙410205

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2024年第3期528-539,共12页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金基础科学中心项目(72088101);湘江实验室重大项目(23XJ01005)。

摘　　要：算力作为释放数据价值、激活数据潜能的关键驱动力,已经成为数字经济的核心生产力与支撑经济增长的新引擎。算力基础设施如计算中心或数据中心等在支撑经济高速增长的同时消耗了大量的电力能源。当前,我国经济正处于由高速增长向高质量发展的转型阶段,如何统筹算力发展与绿色低碳目标成为亟待研究的关键问题。文章在梳理我国算力发展现状的基础上,预测了未来我国算力的发展需求,并通过分析未来我国算力的增长趋势和电力能耗的关系,从顶层设计、区域布局、平台建设和市场机制等方面提出了加快算力绿色低碳转型的对策建议,为我国算力绿色低碳转型及赋能数字经济高质量发展提供支撑。As a critical digital infrastructure,computing power has become the core productivity and a new engine driving economic growth in the digital economy.Nevertheless,the power-hungry nature of computing/data centers,representing the computing infrastructure,consumes a significant amount of electrical energy.Currently,China’s economy is transitioning from high-speed growth to high-quality development.It is imperative to study how to coordinate the development of computing power while ensuring its safety and achieving green and low-carbon goals.Based on an overview of the current status of computing power development,this study predicts the future demand for computing power in China,analyzes the relationship between future computing power growth and electricity consumption,and discusses the associated challenges.From the perspectives of top-level design,regional layout,platform construction,and market mechanisms,this study proposes strategies and measures to accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of computing power,providing support for sustainable computing power transformation and empowering the highquality development of the digital economy.

关 键 词：算力 电力能源消耗 数据中心 绿色转型 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F426.61[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X322