不同间作模式对胶园土壤微生物功能多样性的影响  

Effects of different intercropping patterns on soil microbial functional diversity in rubber plantations

作　　者：赵春梅[1] 王文斌[1] 薛欣欣[1] 张永发[1] 任常琦 罗雪华[1] 吴晓霜 ZHAO Chun-mei;WANG Wen-bin;XUE Xin-xin;ZHANG Yong-fa;REN Chang-qi;LUO Xue-hua;WU Xiao-shuang(Soil and Fertilizer Research Center,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hainan Key Laboratory for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation and Physiology of Tropical Crops,Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院土壤肥料研究中心,农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点实验室/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第2期286-293,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(320QN351、322MS148);海南省科技专项(ZDYF2023XDNY047)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同间作模式对胶园土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响,为今后橡胶林下间作模式优化和间作栽培管理提供科学依据。【方法】运用Biolog⁃ECO技术研究土壤微生物代谢功能特征,分析不同间作胶园土壤微生物碳源代谢活性和多样性的差异。【结果】土壤微生物对碳源利用在培养216 h时达到稳定,不同处理的平均吸光值AWCD依次为橡胶/王草间作>橡胶/咖啡间作>橡胶/益智间作>纯林胶园。间作模式不仅增加了土壤微生物利用的碳源种类,还增强了碳源代谢活性,橡胶/王草间作土壤微生物对碳水化合物类、氨基酸类、酚酸类、羧酸类、多聚物类的代谢能力较强,橡胶/咖啡间作土壤微生物对胺类的代谢能力较强。主成分分析表明,间作胶园与纯林胶园之间土壤微生物碳源利用特征差异显著,橡胶/王草与橡胶/咖啡、橡胶/益智间作之间差异显著,橡胶/咖啡与橡胶/益智间作二者之间无显著差异。不同间作模式提高了胶园土壤微生物多样性指数,各处理之间的AWCD值和McIntosh指数差异显著,Shannon指数、Simpson指数无显著差异。相关性分析表明,胶园土壤微生物碳源代谢功能与土壤环境因子密切相关,土壤含水量、pH、有机质是影响胶园土壤碳源代谢差异的主要因子。【结论】橡胶林下间作王草、益智和咖啡作物有利于改善土壤生态环境,促进土壤碳源利用,提高土壤微生物群落功能多样性。【Objective】In order to provide scientific basis for the optimization of intercropping patterns and the management of intercropping under rubber plantations in the future,the effects of different intercropping patterns on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in mature rubber plantations were studied.【Method】Biolog⁃ECO technology was used to study the characteristics of soil microbial functional diversity,and the differences of soil microbial metabolic activity and diversity on carbon sources in different intercropping plantations were analyzed.【Result】Soil microbial carbon utilization was stable at 216 hours,and the average light absorption value AWCD of different treat⁃ments was in the order of rubber⁃kinggrass intercropping>rubber⁃coffee intercropping>rubber⁃puzzle intercropping>rubber.The intercrop⁃ping pattern not only increased the types of carbon sources utilized by soil microorganisms,but also enhanced the metabolic activity of carbon sources.The metabolic capacity of soil microorganisms to carbohydrates,amino acids,phenolic acids,carboxylic acids and polymers was the strongest in rubber⁃kinggrass intercropping,and the metabolic capacity of amines was the strongest in rubbercoffee intercropping.There were significant differences in soil microbial carbon source utilization between intercropping patterns and rubber plantation by PCA(principal component analysis),significant differences between rubber⁃kinggrass and rubber⁃coffee,rubber⁃puzzle,but no significant differences between rubber⁃coffee and rubber⁃puzzle intercropping.The research showed that different intercropping modes could improve the soil microbial diversity index,and there were significant differences in AWCD value and McIntosh index among different treatments,but no significant differences in Shannon index and Simpson index.Correlation analysis showed that the metabolic function of soil microbial carbon source was closely related to soil environmental factors,and soil water content,pH and or

关 键 词：间作 胶园 土壤微生物 碳源代谢 功能多样性 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]