生物炭配施氮素对Cd胁迫下泡桐幼苗生理生态的影响  

Effects of biochar combined with nitrogen on physiology and ecology of Paulownia fortunei seedlings under Cd stress

作　　者：朱秀红[1] 樊博 杨会焕 张龙冲[1] 于宏 黄丽 茹广欣[1] ZHU Xiu-hong;FAN Bo;YANG Hui-huan;ZHANG Long-chong;YU Hong;HUANG Li;RU Guang-xin(College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Zhengzhou Forestry Science and Technology Demon-stration Certer,Zhengzhou 450000;Mianchi County Natural Resources Bureau,Sanmenxia,Henan 472400,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,郑州450002 [2]郑州市林业科技示范中心,郑州450000 [3]渑池县自然资源局,河南三门峡472400

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第2期302-312,共11页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省卓越农林人才教育基地建设项目(22XM0164);河南省财政林业科技推广项目(30802824)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究生物配施氮素对Cd胁迫下泡桐幼苗形态特征、根系形态、抗氧化性、光合特性及Cd积累、富集及转运的影响。【方法】以‘泡桐1201’幼苗为试验材料,设置组培和水培结合试验,通过生物炭和氮素单一处理,生物炭配施氮素处理,测定幼苗的生长指标、根系参数、光合气体参数、抗氧氧化酶活性、MDA含量及Cd积累量、富集系数与转运系数。【结果】①Cd胁迫下,施加生物炭和氮素可以显著增加泡桐‘幼苗株高、生物量及根系参数,两者交互处理效果最佳;②泡桐幼苗叶片和根系SOD、CAT活性增加,MDA活性降低。POD活性在两者单施处理下随浓度的升高而降低,在两者交互处理下随浓度的增大略有回升;③生物炭和氮素单施或配施,泡桐幼苗叶片Chla、Chlb、Chl(a+b)显著增加,Chl(a/b)无显著变化;泡桐幼苗叶片光合气体参数(P_(n)、T_(r)、C_(i)、G_(s))升高,单一生物炭处理下WUE最高,Ls值显著降低,叶片光合作用增强;④泡桐幼苗Cd含量减小,富集系数降低,转运系数及Cd积累量增大;⑤对泡桐幼苗叶片幼苗各指标进行相关性及PCA分析,发现各指标之间存在相关性,整体促进效果为生物炭配施氮素>生物炭>氮素。【结论】施加生物炭和氮素可提高泡桐幼苗光合能力,减少对Cd的吸收,缓解Cd毒害,进而增大生物量,促进各器官Cd积累量,以生物炭配施氮素处理效果最佳。【Objective】The study aimed to explore the effects of biochar combined with nitrogen on morphological characteristics,root morphology,antioxidant activity,photosynthetic characteristics and Cd accumulation,accumulation and transport of Paulownia fortunei seedlings under Cd stress.【Method】Taking‘Paulownia fortunei 1201’seedlings as materials,a combination of tissue culture and hydroculture tests was set up.The growth index,root parameters,photosynthetic gas parameters,antioxidant enzyme activity,MDA content,Cd accumulation,enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient of seedlings were measured by biochar and nitrogen single treatment and biochar com⁃bined with nitrogen treatment.【Result】(i)Under Cd stress,application of biochar and nitrogen could significantly increase plant height,biomass and root parameters,and their combination could achieve the optimal effect.(ii)SOD and CAT activities increased and MDA activities decreased in leaves and roots of Paulownia fortunei seedlings,POD activity decreased with increasing concentration under single appli⁃cation of biochar and nitrogen,and slightly increased with increasing concentration under combined application of biochar and nitrogen.(iii)Chla,Chlb and Chl(a+b)increased significantly,but Chl(a/b)had no significant change;Photosynthetic gas parameters(P_(n),T_(r),C_(i),G_(s))increased,WUE was the highest,and Ls decreased significantly.(iv)With the application of biochar or nitrogen,the Cd content and enrichment coefficient of Paulownia fortunei seedlings decreased,while the transport coefficient and Cd accumulation increased.(v)According to the correlation and PCA analysis of each index of seedlings,it was found that there was correlation among each index,and the overall promoting effect was biochar combined with nitrogen>biochar>nitrogen.【Conclusion】The application of biochar and nitrogen can improve the photosynthetic capacity of Paulownia fortunei seedlings,reduce the absorption of Cd,alleviate the toxicity of Cd,and then increase the bi

关 键 词：泡桐 CD污染 生物炭 氮素 Cd积累量 

分 类 号：S792.43[农业科学—林木遗传育种]