燃煤发电排放污染物对人群心肺健康影响的流行病学研究进展  

Epidemiological research progress on the impact of pollutants emitted from coal-fired power generation on the cardiopulmonary health of the population

作　　者：万书卉 杨越茹 宋家豪 王彬 陈卫红[1] Wan Shuhui;Yang Yueru;Song Jiahao;Wang Bin;Chen Weihong(Department of Occupational and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,武汉430030

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2024年第3期381-388,共8页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目重点专项(82241088);中国工程院2022年重大战略研究与咨询项目(2022-XBZD-18-04)。

摘　　要：为实现碳达峰与碳中和(双碳)目标,我国低碳燃煤发电技术不断更新和发展,在降低二氧化碳排放的同时实现了颗粒物、二氧化硫、氮氧化物等污染物排放的大幅度下降,但同时伴随着某些污染物如三氧化硫、氨、挥发性有机物等排放的相对升高,污染物排放的种类和比例改变。本文梳理汇总国内外燃煤发电的技术改进,以及不同燃煤发电模式排放污染物种类与占比的情况;综述燃煤发电排放污染物对人群心肺健康影响的流行病学研究进展,从不同煤电模式角度阐述其环境影响,分析低碳煤电排放的人群暴露负荷变化和心肺健康收益,旨在为实现降碳减排目标和保障人群健康提供参考。To achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality(double carbon),China has been updating and developing low-carbon coal-fired power generation technology.While reducing carbon dioxide emissions,it has achieved a significant reduction in emissions of pollutants such as particulate matter,sulfur dioxide,and nitrogen oxides.However,at the same time,with the relative increase in emissions of certain pollutants such as sulfur trioxide,ammonia,and volatile organic compounds,the types and proportions of pollutant emissions have changed.This study summarized the technological improvements in coal-fired power generation both domestically and internationally,as well as the types and proportions of pollutants emitted by different coal-fired power generation modes.It also reviewed the epidemiological research progress on the impact of pollutants emitted from coal-fired power generation on the cardiopulmonary health of the population,expounded environmental impact of different coal-fired power models,and analyzed the changes in population exposure load and cardiopulmonary health benefits of low-carbon coal-fired power generation emissions,aiming to provide references for achieving carbon reduction and emission reduction goals and protecting the health of the population.

关 键 词：煤炭 燃煤发电排放污染物 排放特征 人群 心肺健康 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]