白酒厂污泥与生活污泥有机组分的差异性及其淋溶迁移风险评估  

Difference of organic components between Baijiu factory sludge and domestic sludge and risk assessment of leaching and migration

作　　者：唐显梅 刘方[1,2] 朱健[1,2] 陈祖拥[2] 刘元生 TANG Xian-mei;LIU Fang;ZHU Jian;CHEN Zu-yong;LIU Yuan-sheng(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州喀斯特环境生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第3期583-587,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2864号,黔科合平台人才[2017]5788号)。

摘　　要：通过对白酒厂污泥和生活污泥中腐植酸、低分子有机酸的含量对比分析,探讨两种污泥中有机组分的差异性及其淋溶迁移的环境风险。结果表明,酒厂污泥中有机质和腐植酸(NaOH浸提)平均含量分别为428.2,342.47 g/kg,平均比生活污泥中的含量高47.7%,62.6%。从污泥浸提(H 3PO 4浸提)的低分子有机酸含量,白酒厂污泥中柠檬酸和苹果酸含量分别达3.90,0.88 g/kg,分别是生活污泥的10.00倍和1.83倍;而生活污泥中的草酸含量达3.74 g/kg,是白酒厂污泥的2.94倍。两种污泥的腐植酸均含有丰富的羟基、酚羟基,而白酒厂污泥的腐植酸还含有丰富的羧基。两种污泥的6次连续淋溶的实验表明,生活污泥的淋溶液中,COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N含量范围分别为121.5~380.5,1.83~10.67 mg/L,平均比酒厂污泥高出55.8%,27.2%;而白酒厂污泥的淋溶液中,TP含量范围为0.84~1.90 mg/L,平均比生活污泥淋溶液中的含量高28.1%,白酒厂污泥有机组分淋溶迁移对水环境的影响小于生活污泥。综上所述,白酒厂污泥的有机组分及腐植酸的资源化利用优于生活污泥。The contents of humic acid and low molecular weight organic acid in liquor factory sludge and domestic sludge were compared and analyzed,and the differences of organic components in the two sludges and their environmental risks of leaching migration were discussed.The results showed that the average contents of organic matter and humic acid(NaOH extraction)in the sludge of the winery were 428.2 g/kg and 342.47 g/kg,respectively,which were 47.7%and 62.6%higher than the contents in domestic sludge.From the perspective of low molecular organic acid content in sludge leaching(H 3PO 4 extraction),the contents of citric acid and malic acid in the sludge of the liquor factory reached 3.90 g/kg and 0.88 g/kg,respectively,which were 10.00 times and 1.83 times of the domestic sludge,while the oxalic acid content in the domestic sludge reached 3.74 g/kg,which was 2.94 times that of the sludge of the liquartery.The humic acid of both sludges is rich in hydroxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups,while the humic acid of liquor factory sludge is also rich in carboxyl groups.From the experimental results of six consecutive leaching of the two sludges,it can be seen that the COD and NH_(4)^(+)-N contents in the leaching solution of domestic sludge range from 121.5~380.5 mg/L and 1.83~10.67 mg/L,respectively,which are 55.8%and 27.2%higher than the distillery sludge.The TP content in the leaching solution of liquor factory sludge ranges from 0.84~1.90 mg/L,which is 28.1%higher on average than the content in the domestic sludge leaching solution,and the impact of the organic component leaching migration of liquor factory sludge on the water environment is less than that of domestic sludge.In summary,the organic components and resource utilization of humic acid of liquor factory sludge are better than those of domestic sludge.

关 键 词：污泥 腐植酸 低分子有机酸 淋溶迁移 

分 类 号：TQ110.9[化学工程—无机化工] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU992.3[建筑科学—市政工程]