我国绿色矿山建设现状与存在问题及对策建议  

Situation,challenges,and proposed strategies for green mine construction in China

作　　者：武强[1,2] 刘宏磊 曾一凡[1,2] 柳晓娟 WU Qiang;LIU Honglei;ZENG Yifan;LIU Xiaojuan(Inner Mongolia Research Institute,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Ordos 017000,China;National Coal Mine Water Hazard Preven-tion Engineering Technology Research Center,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Chinese Academy of Natural Re-sources Economics,Beijing 101149,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)内蒙古研究院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)国家煤矿水害防治工程技术研究中心,北京100083 [3]中国自然资源经济研究院,北京101149

出　　处：《绿色矿山》2023年第1期25-32,共8页Journal of Mine

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项资助项目(2020ZD0020-4);鄂尔多斯能源局科技资助项目(ZKZB2023-062);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFC2902004);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2023ZKPYSH01)。

摘　　要：绿色矿山建设是推动矿业升级转型和高质量发展的关键举措,是科学地破解人类为了生存发展而实施的开发利用工程活动与其生态环境保护之间的尖锐矛盾和冲突难题的一把“金钥匙”。回顾了我国绿色矿山建设的发展历程,阐述了在试点示范、政策法规、建设标准与评价体系以及绿色矿业发展示范区等发明取得的成就,同时分析了在绿色矿山建设过程中存在的内涵理解偏差和创建动力不足、绿色矿山建设水平有待提高、绿色矿山建设布局区域发展不均衡等问题和难点。为了推动我国绿色矿业科学、健康发展,重点从强化绿色矿山建设的系统化思维,完善绿色矿山建设的评价指标体系,完善激励约束政策和释放政策潜力,完善绿色矿山建设法律和规范性制度体系,完善绿色矿山名录动态管理机制,构建第三方评估监管机制或绿色矿山认证制度,发挥绿色矿山建设的法律约束作用与标准规范引导作用,以及运用市场化手段鼓励绿色矿山“开发式”建设市场等角度,提出了绿色矿山建设发展的5项对策。最后,面向新时代矿业高质量发展要求,从压实矿山企业绿色矿山建设主体责任以提升绿色矿山建设积极性,提升政府的主导作用职责和服务意识以营造政府服务与环境氛围,以及发挥企业创新主体地位以激活企业创新活力3个视角展望了未来绿色矿山建设路径和绿色矿业发展格局。Green mine construction is a crucial measure to drive the upgrading and transformation of the mining indus⁃try towards high⁃quality development.It is a scientific solution to the sharp contradictions and conflicts between the en⁃gineering activities for development and utilization implemented by humanity for survival and development,and the protection of ecological environment⁃a key“golden key”.The paper reviews the development process of green min⁃ing construction in China,elucidating achievements in pilot demonstrations,policy regulations,construction standards,evaluation systems,and exemplary zones for the development of green mining.Simultaneously,the analysis addresses issues and challenges encountered during the process of green mining construction,including deviations in conceptual understanding,insufficient driving force for creation,the need to elevate the level of green mining construction,and the uneven development of green mining construction in different regions.To promote the scientific and healthy develop⁃ment of green mining in China,the focus is placed on five strategies.These include strengthening the systematic think⁃ing of green mining construction,refining the evaluation indicator system for green mining construction,enhancing in⁃centive constraints and unlocking policy potential,improving the legal and normative system for green mining construc⁃tion,and enhancing the dynamic management mechanism of the green mining directory.Furthermore,proposals involve establishing a third⁃party evaluation and regulatory mechanism or a green mining certification system,leveraging the le⁃gal constraints and standardization guidance role of green mining construction,and utilizing market⁃oriented approa⁃ches to encourage the“development⁃oriented”construction market for green mining.Finally,in response to the re⁃quirements of high⁃quality development in the new era of mining,the paper looks forward from three perspectives.First,it emphasizes consolidating the primary res

关 键 词：绿色矿山建设 矿业升级转型 绿色矿业 评价指标体系 

分 类 号：F426.1[经济管理—产业经济]