自循环机匣提高轴流泵稳定性的参数化研究  

Parametric study on improving stability of axial-flow pumps with self-circulating casing

作　　者：童志庭 原野 张志民[3] 张超[1,2] TONG Zhiting;YUAN Ye;ZHANG Zhimin;ZHANG Chao(Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education(Tianjin University of Technology),Tianjin 300384,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学天津市先进机电系统设计与智能控制重点实验室,天津300384 [2]机电工程国家级实验教学示范中心(天津理工大学),天津300384 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2024年第4期358-364,共7页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51976139)。

摘　　要：为了探究有效扩大轴流泵稳定运行范围的方法,针对轴流泵进行自循环机匣处理的单通道定常数值模拟,分析周向覆盖比例、抽吸口位置和喉部高度对水泵扩稳性能的影响规律,并揭示自循环机匣对轴流泵扩稳的改善机理.结果表明,抽吸口位置保持不变,扩大周向覆盖比例和喉部高度都可以增大流量裕度,但设计点效率降低;喉部高度为1.8 mm的自循环机匣流量裕度随着抽吸口位置的后移先增加后降低,效率先降低后增加,说明在叶顶上方存在一个最佳位置.在研究的范围内,流量裕度最大达到5.93%,设计点的效率最低降低1.12%.通过自循环机匣处理,使叶顶泄漏流与主流在叶顶上方相互作用形成的堵塞区面积有所减小,从而可以扩大轴流泵流量范围和提升小流量工况效率.该研究可为轴流泵在自循环机匣的端壁处理方式下扩稳提供参考.In order to explore ways to effectively expand the stable operating range of axial-flow pumps,a single-channel steady numerical simulation of the self-circulating casing treatment was carried out on an axial-flow pump to analyze the influence of the circumferential coverage ratio,suction port position and throat height on the expansion and stability performance of water pumps,and to as well reveal the influence law and improvement mechanism of the self-circulating casing on the expansion and stability of axial-flow pumps.The results show that the self-circulating casing can effectively expand the flow range of the axial-flow pump,keeping the position of the suction port unchanged,increasing the circumferential coverage ratio and throat height can increase the flow margin,but the design point efficiency is reduced.The flow margin of the self-circulating casing with a throat height of 1.8 mm first increases and then decreases with the backward movement of the suction port position,and the efficiency first decreases and then increases,indicating that there is an optimal position above the blade tip.Within the scope of the study,the flow margin reaches a maximum of 5.93%,and the efficiency at the design point is reduced by a minimum of 1.12%.Through the self-circulating ca-sing treatment,the area of the blockage area formed by the interaction between the blade tip leakage flow and the main flow above the blade tip is reduced,which is responsible for the extended flow range and increased efficiency of the axial-flow pump for small flow conditions.This study provides a reference for the expansion and stability of axial-flow pump under the end wall treatment of self-circulating casing.

关 键 词：轴流泵 自循环机匣处理 流量裕度 设计点效率 叶顶泄漏流 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程] TH312[农业科学—农业工程]