内蒙古21年间家畜甲烷与氧化亚氮排放特征  

Emission characteristics of methane and nitrous oxide from livestock in Inner Mongolia during the past 21 years

作　　者：陈昱龙 李锦菲 吴越强 张皓媛 祁乐 CHEN Yulong;LI Jinfei;WU Yueqiang;ZHANG Haoyuan;QI Le(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology,School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院/蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第3期527-538,共12页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260289);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2021BS03004)。

摘　　要：为实现内蒙古地区温室气体减排目标的制定,家畜甲烷(CH_(4))与氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)排放的估算不可或缺。以《中国畜牧兽医年鉴》2000-2020年内蒙古地区家畜存栏数为基础,利用《2006年IPCC国家温室气体清单编制指南》和《省级温室气体清单编制指南(试行)》中给出的排放因子与计算方法,对21年来内蒙古地区家畜CH_(4)与N_(2)O排放量做出估算。结果表明,2000-2020年,平均家畜年末存栏数为6612.50万头,肠道CH_(4)排放量为808.60 Gg,粪便CH_(4)排放量为55.06 Gg,粪便N_(2)O排放量为13.63 Gg,2015年家畜肠道CH_(4)排放量达到高峰,为920.95 Gg,2006年粪便CH_(4)和粪便N_(2)O排放量达到高峰,分别为65.63和15.45 Gg。家畜温室气体排放总量平均为877.29 Gg,其中肠道CH_(4)排放量占家畜温室气体排放总量的92.17%,粪便CH_(4)排放量占家畜温室气体排放总量的6.28%,粪便N_(2)O排放量占家畜温室气体排放总量的1.55%。反刍动物家畜肠道CH_(4)排放占家畜总温室气体排放的83.83%~90.30%,总体呈现上升趋势,其中在2000-2004年、2016-2017年上升速度较快,2005-2016年呈现平稳上升趋势,2017-2020年趋于平缓。21年间内蒙古家畜粪便CH_(4)和N_(2)O排放总体呈现先增加后下降的趋势,家畜肠道CH_(4)排放总体呈现先增加后趋于平缓的趋势。家畜温室气体排放总量主要受反刍动物家畜肠道CH_(4)排放影响而非粪便中CH_(4)与N_(2)O排放的影响。本研究为内蒙古地区“双碳”目标制定中家畜温室气体减排部分提供了数据参考和理论支撑。To achieve regional greenhouse gas(GHG)emission reduction in Inner Mongolia,estimation of methane(CH_(4))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions from livestock is indispensable.The emission factors and calculation methods stated in The 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and The Guidelines for Provincial Greenhouse Gas Inventories(Trial)were used to estimate CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions from livestock in Inner Mongolia over 21 years,based on the livestock inventory from 2000 to 2020 in the China Veterinary Yearbook of Animal Husbandry.The results showed that,from 2000 to 2020,the average annual stock of livestock was 66,120,500 heads,the average annual emissions of intestinal CH_(4),fecal CH_(4),and fecal N_(2)O from livestock were 808.60 Gg,55.06 Gg,and 13.63 Gg,respectively.The intestinal CH_(4)emission peaked in 2015 at 920.95 Gg,while the fecal CH_(4)and fecal N_(2)O emissions peaked in 2006 at 65.63 Gg and 15.45 Gg,respectively.The average total GHG emissions of livestock were 877.29 Gg from 2000 to 2020,of which the intestinal CH_(4)emissions accounted for 92.5%of the total GHG emissions of livestock.The CH_(4)emissions from the intestine occupied 92.17%of the total livestock GHG emissions,the fecal CH_(4)emissions accounted for 6.28%of the total livestock GHG emissions,while the fecal N_(2)O emissions occupied 1.55%of the total livestock GHG emissions.Ruminant livestock intestinal CH_(4)emissions accounted for 83.7%~91.1%of total livestock GHG emissions,with an overall increasing trend,including a faster increase in 2000-2004 and 2016-2017,a steadily increasing trend in 2005-2016,and a leveling off in 2017-2020.CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions from the domestic livestock manure in Inner Mongolia showed an overall trend of increasing and then decreasing,while livestock intestinal CH_(4)emissions showed an overall trend of increasing and then leveling off during the 21 years.The total GHG emissions from livestock were mainly influenced by intestinal CH_(4)emissions from ruminant livestock rather

关 键 词：畜牧业 肠道管理 粪便管理 排放因子 温室气体 碳排放 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]