80份紫花苜蓿品种苗期耐盐性筛选与评价  

Screening and evaluation of salt tolerance of 80 alfalfa varieties at the seedling stage

作　　者：王宁 万畅 高山 闫程铭 李忠和[1] 王俊乔 任伟[1] 王志锋[1] WANG Ning;WAN Chang;GAO Shan;YAN Chengming;LI Zhonghe;WANG Junqiao;REN Wei;WANG Zhifeng(Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China,Changchun 130124,Jilin,China;College of Life Sciences,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院/中国农业科技东北创新中心,吉林长春130124 [2]吉林师范大学生命科学学院,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第3期684-699,共16页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2021TD020);现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：为筛选苗期耐盐的紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)品种,建立相应评价方法,本研究采用水培法,测定80份国外紫花苜蓿品种在1.2%NaCl溶液处理下的株高、根长、叶宽、叶厚、茎粗、鲜重、干重、叶绿素含量及相对组织含水量9个指标。通过差异性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、回归分析、聚类分析等方法,评价紫花苜蓿苗期耐盐性。结果表明:盐胁迫下,9个指标在不同品种间的变异系数介于0.119~0.604。盐胁迫对紫花苜蓿苗期的根长、鲜重、干重和相对组织含水量具有极显著影响(P<0.01),对叶宽具有显著影响(P<0.05)。4个主成分可以代表原9个指标68.545%的数据量。主成分分析表明,鲜重、相对组织含水量、根长与叶宽可以作为紫花苜蓿苗期的耐盐主要评价指标。回归分析结果表明,采用耐盐性度量值(D)评价苗期耐盐性,更客观、合理。聚类分析结果将80份紫花苜蓿品种划分为4个级别,其中,强耐盐级别包括3份品种,较强耐盐级别包括28份品种,较弱耐盐级别包括36份品种,弱耐盐级别包括13份品种。在此基础上,从80份品种中筛选出,苗期强耐盐紫花苜蓿品种为‘WL354HQ’‘阿罗拉’和‘巨能801’。研究结果将为紫花苜蓿耐盐基因筛选及新品种选育提供理论依据。To screen salt-tolerant alfalfa(Medicago sativa)varieties at the seedling stage and establish the corresponding evaluation methods,we measured plant height,root length,leaf width,leaf thickness,stem diameter,fresh weight,dry weight,chlorophyll content,and tissue water content in 80 foreign alfalfa varieties treated with 1.2%NaCl using the hydroponic method.Salt tolerance of alfalfa seedlings was evaluated using difference,correlation,principal component,regression,and cluster analyses.The results showed that under salt stress,the coefficients of variation of the nine indicators among the different varieties ranged from 0.119 to 0.604.Salt stress had strongly significant effects on root length,fresh weight,dry weight,and relative tissue water content of alfalfa seedlings(P<0.01)and had significant effects on leaf width(P<0.05).The four principal components represented a data volume of 68.545%for the nine original indicators.Principal component analysis showed that fresh weight,relative tissue water content,root length,and leaf width were the main indicators of salt tolerance in alfalfa seedlings.Regression analysis showed that using salt tolerance measures(D)to evaluate salt tolerance at the seedling stage was more objective and reasonable.Cluster analysis divided the 80 alfalfa varieties into four grades,including 3 varieties with the strongest salt tolerance,28 varieties with strong salt tolerance,36 varieties with weak salt tolerance,and 13 varieties with the weakest salt tolerance.On this basis,alfalfa varieties with strong salt tolerance at seedling stage were screened:‘WL354HQ’‘Arola’and‘Juneng 801’.These results provide a theoretical basis for screening salt-tolerant genes and breeding new varieties of alfalfa.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 耐盐性 综合耐盐系数 隶属函数 耐盐性度量值 聚类分析 种质资源 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]