上海市浦东新区医务人员感染新型冠状病毒1个月后抗体水平调查  

SARS-CoV-2 antibody level one month after COVID-19 infection in healthcare workers in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

作　　者：郭绍华 扶雪莲 吕耀军 沈奕峰 王筱 刘丹[1] 杨来宝[1] GUO Shaohua;FU Xuelian;LYU Yaojun;SHEN Yifeng;WANG Xiao;LIU Dan;YANG Laibao(Pudong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200136,China;Shanghai Zhangjiang Community Health Service Center,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心,上海200136 [2]上海市张江社区卫生服务中心,上海200136

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2024年第2期128-133,共6页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市浦东新区科技发展基金事业单位民生科研专项(PKJ2023-Y70);上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023—2025年)重点学科(GWVI-11.1-02-传染病学);浦东新区疾病预防控制中心科研项目(PDCDC-2022-16)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解浦东新区医务人员自然感染新型冠状病毒(SARS⁃CoV⁃2)1个月后的血液中免疫抗体水平,并探讨抗体水平影响因素、相关性等,为指导加强对医务人员的保护力度与预防干预提供参考。【方法】采集感染SARS⁃CoV⁃2后1个月的1102名浦东新区医疗机构医务人员的静脉血样本,采用化学发光免疫分析法检测血清特异性抗体IgM、IgG和中和抗体水平,并结合问卷调查,收集性别、年龄、岗位、感染严重程度、疫苗接种、基础疾病、免疫抑制剂使用等信息,探讨抗体水平影响因素、相关性等。【结果】在自然感染SARS⁃CoV⁃21个月后99.00%(1091/1102)监测对象的特异性抗体IgG抗体阳性,17.79%(196/1102)监测对象的IgM抗体阳性,部分IgM抗体保留较高水平,99.00%(1091/1102)监测对象的中和抗体阳性。其中,感染严重程度、最后剂次疫苗接种时间、长期服用免疫抑制剂等因素可能影响抗体水平。疾病程度越严重,中和抗体反应的强度越强。末次疫苗接种时间在6个月内的人比6个月前接种疫苗的抗体水平高,差异有统计学意义。长期服用免疫抑制剂抗体水平低。【结论】上海市浦东新区医务人员感染SARS⁃CoV⁃2后1个月时体内存在特异性IgM、IgG和中和抗体,存在较高的抗体滴度水平,对机体有较好保护作用。末次疫苗接种时间在6个月内比6个月前接种疫苗的人群抗体水平高,建议距末次接种时间6个月的人群再次接种加强针疫苗,以提高对新型冠状病毒的自体免疫力。[Objective]To investigate the levels of serum antibodies against novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)in healthcare workers after one month of natural infection,to explore the influencing factors and their correlations with the levels of antibodies,and to provide reference for strengthening the protection of healthcare workers and preventive intervention in Pudong New Area in Shanghai.[Methods]Venous blood samples were collected from 1102 medical staff in Pudong hospitals one month after infection.The serum levels of new coronavirus specific antibodies IgM,IgG and neutralizing antibodies were detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay.The information of gender,age,position,infection severity,vaccination,basic diseases and use of immunosuppressants were obtained by questionnaire to explore the influencing factors and their correlation with the antibody level.[Results]One month after natural infection,99.00%(1091/1102)of the subjects were found to be positive for IgG antibody against the new coronavirus,17.79%(196/1102)of the subjects were IgM antibody positive,and 99.00%(1091/1102)of the samples were positive for the neutralizing antibody.The level of antibody might be influenced by the severity of infection,the time of the last dose of vaccination,and the long-term use of immunosuppressants.The more severe the disease,the stronger the neutralizing antibody response.The antibody level in the people who received the final dose of vaccine within 6 months was higher than that of the people who received the vaccine 6 months ago,and the difference was statistically significant.The antibody levels were low in the subjects who received long-term immunosuppressants.[Conclusion]The specific IgM,IgG and neutralizing antibody were found,one month after infection,in the medical workers in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,and the antibody titers were high,which had a good protective effect.The antibody level of the people who were vaccinated within 6 months was higher,it is recommended that people who receive the last vacination more than 6 mon

关 键 词：医务人员 新型冠状病毒 自然感染 抗体 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]