嫦娥4/5号月球探测器VLBI观测数据质量分析  

Quality Analysis of VLBI Observation Data of Chang’e-4/5 Lunar Probe

作　　者：魏二虎[1] 罗一乐 谷洪业 张云龙 李岩林 黄逸丹[3] 刘经南[4] WEI Erhu;LUO Yile;GU Hongye;ZHANG Yunlong;LI Yanlin;HUANG Yidan;LIU Jingnan(School of Geodesy and Geomatics,Wuhan University,129 Luoyu Road,Wuhan 430079,China;China Railway Design Corporation,10 Minjiang Road,Tianjin 300251,China;Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,CAS,80 Nandan Road,Shanghai 200030,China;GNSS Research Centre,Wuhan University,129 Luoyu Road,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘学院,武汉市430079 [2]中国铁路设计集团有限公司,天津市300251 [3]中国科学院上海天文台,上海市200030 [4]武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,武汉市430079

出　　处：《大地测量与地球动力学》2024年第5期441-449,共9页Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42374015);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1503600);天津市轨道交通导航定位及时空大数据技术重点实验室开放基金(TKL2024B04)。

摘　　要：在中国探月工程(China’s Lunar Exploration Program,CLEP)中,甚长基线干涉测量技术(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)具有重要作用。为获得月球探测器的准确定位、实现精确的测定轨功能并以此在探测器飞行过程中完成轨道修正,需要利用VLBI测站对月球探测器进行实时观测。首先以均值(arithmetic mean,AM)以及标准差(standard deviation,STD)作为主要的精度指标,对来源于上海天文台的嫦娥4号探测器、中继星以及嫦娥5号探测器的VLBI实测数据进行总观测时段的数据稳定性分析,并基于嫦娥4号探测器同时段S、X双频段观测,着重进行该探测器不同频率各项数据的质量分析;然后对探测器各工作时段分别进行时延、时延率测量形式误差以及残差分析,了解各时段探测器运动情况与数据变化的相关性。结果表明,3类探测器中,嫦娥4号的实测精度最高,达到1 ns量级;嫦娥5号的观测稳定性优于其他两类探测器;不同地面站对探测器的观测精度有所差异,并且在探测器不同的工作时段,实测数据表现出不同特征。Very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)plays an important role in China’s Lunar Exploration Program(CLEP).In order to obtain the accurate positioning of the lunar probe,achieve the accurate orbit determination function and complete the orbit correction during the flight of the probe,it is necessary to use the VLBI station to observe the lunar probe in real time.In this paper,we mainly use the arithmetic mean(AM)and standard deviation(STD)as precision evaluation indexes.We analyze the VLBI measured data of Chang’e-4 probe,relay satellite and Chang’e-5 probe from Shanghai Observatory for the data stability of the total observation period.Based on the simultaneous observation of the S and X bands of Chang’e-4,we emphasize the quality analysis of the data of different frequencies.We carry out time delay,time delay rate measurement error and check residual analysis for each working section of the detector,and the correlation between the motion of the detector and the data change.The results show that Chang’e-4 has the highest accuracy of 1ns among the three types of probes.Chang’e-5 probe has better observation stability than the other two types of detectors.Different ground stations have different observation accuracy of the detector,and the measured data show different characteristics in different working stages of the detector.

关 键 词：数据质量分析 均值 标准差 测量形式误差 残差 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]