卫拉特史诗《江格尔》及其音乐研究(一)  

Oirat's epic Jangal and its musical studies(one)

作　　者：哈斯巴特尔 Hasbarte(Jiangxi Normal University of Scienceand Technology,Nanchang 330200)

机构地区：[1]江西科技师范大学,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《内蒙古艺术学院学报》2024年第1期76-84,共9页Journal of Inner Mongolia Arts University

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金冷门绝学《科尔沁史诗的数字化整理与活态生成机制研究》(项目号:22VJXT008)的阶段性研究成果;2018年度国家社科基金艺术学项目“跨界族群卫拉特蒙古人的史诗《江格尔》及其音乐表演研究”(项目号:18BD054)最终研究成果。

摘　　要：《江格尔》作为卫拉特蒙古的标志性英雄史诗,其流传地域涵盖了天山南北广阔的高山草原以及远至伏尔加河流域,这一口头传统已绵延近千年之久,不仅在我国三大史诗中占据重要地位,而且是中华多民族口头叙事遗产的核心组成部分。这部史诗以口头文学的形式传承下来,是一种融合多种艺术表达手段的综合载体,其表演形态主要表现为两种形式,即伴有音乐歌唱的演绎方式和无伴唱的朗诵讲述。在《江格尔》史诗的现场表演中,音乐元素扮演了不可或缺的角色,涵盖了从表演者的演唱技巧、乐器演奏到人声与器乐的和谐互动、曲调结构的独特设计以及唱词与固定程式韵律的紧密结合等各个方面。本课题通过对史诗艺人“江格尔奇”群体进行深入田野调查,旨在揭示他们内在的精神世界及其对史诗内涵及演唱传统的深刻理解,并进一步探讨如何通过系统学习和继承史诗传统来维系史诗风格的延续性这一系列理论问题。同时,对《江格尔》史诗所特有的音乐曲调及其音乐形态进行了音乐学分析与诠释。"Jangal"is a heroic epic of the Oirats,which has been circulated in the alpine steppes north and south of the Tianshan Mountains and the distant Volga River Valley for nearly a thousand years,becoming one of the three major epics in China and an important part of the oral epic of China's multi-ethnic groups.The heroic epic"Jangal"is an oral literary work,as a comprehensive art,its performance includes a variety of forms,including two forms:performance with musical singing and singing without singing performance.In epic performance,music-related performance and performance,vocals and instruments,tune and structure,lyrics and programs,etc.,are regarded as the basic elements of epic composition,and this paper discusses a series of issues such as the ideological world of epic artists Jangerch and the essence of the epic and singing traditions they understand,and how to learn the epic tradition to inherit the epic style,and analyzes and explains the special tunes and musical forms of epic music in a musical sense.

关 键 词：史诗《江格尔》 史诗风格 演唱传统 曲调与分析 

分 类 号：J60[艺术—音乐]