2022年海南省公共场所卫生状况分析  

Analysis of public place sanitation in Hainan Province in 2022

作　　者：曾月 何昌华[1] 李永忠[1] 杨夕 赵仁敏[1] 梁启昌[1] 封丹[1] 陈曦[2] ZENG Yue;HE Chang-hua;LI Yong-zhong;YANG Xi;ZHAO Ren-min;LIANG Qi-chang;FENG Dan;CHEN Xi(Institute of Environmental and Health-related Product Safety,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南海口570203 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第7期1308-1313,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2600501);全国公共场所健康危害因素监测项目。

摘　　要：目的分析海南省公共场所基本卫生状况及其主要健康危害因素,为促进公共场所卫生管理提供技术支持。方法2022年对海南省7类200家公共场所进行健康危害因素监测,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果共监测海南省公共场所样品共计2339份,总体合格率为83.9%。不同类型场所样品合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=120.63,P<0.05),其中游泳场(馆)和宾馆(酒店)合格率相对较低,分别为65.8%和76.3%,其余5类场所样本整体合格率在85.7%~96.5%之间。宾馆(酒店)室内空气主要不合格指标为甲醛、细菌总数、PM_(10)和PM_(2.5);理发店和美容店两类场所室内空气主要不合格指标为氨和PM_(10);商场(超市)室内空气不合格指标主要是细菌总数。6类公共场所监测的各类公共用品用具均检出细菌总数超标;宾馆(酒店)、美容店和理发店毛巾pH值不合格率分别为43.2%、13.6%和11.4%。游泳场(馆)主要不合格指标是游泳池水pH值、尿素和氧化还原电位,其中氧化还原电位不合格率为29.6%。结论2022年海南省公共场所卫生状况仍有待提高,建议相关部门进一步加强对室内空气细菌总数、氨、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、甲醛,公共用品用具细菌总数、大肠菌群、毛巾pH值以及游泳池水氧化还原电位、尿素、pH值等重点指标的监督与监测。Objective To analyze the basic hygiene status and main health hazard factors of public places in Hainan Province,so as to provide technical support for promoting health management of public places.Methods The health hazard factors of 200 public places in Hainan Province were monitored in 2022,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 2339 samples from public places in Hainan Province were monitored,and the overall qualified rate was 83.9%.There were significant differences in the qualified rates of samples from different types of places(χ2=120.63,P<0.05).Among them,the qualified rates of swimming pools(halls)and hotels(hotels)were relatively low,which were 65.8%and 76.3%,respectively,while the overall qualified rates of the other five types of places were between 85.7%and 96.5%.The main unqualified indexes of indoor air in hotels were formaldehyde,the total number of bacteria,PM_(10),and PM_(2.5).The main unqualified indexes of indoor air in barber shops and beauty shops were ammonia and PM_(10).The main unqualified index of indoor air in shopping malls(supermarkets)was the total number of bacteria.The total number of bacteria detected in all kinds of public goods and appliances in 6 types of public places exceeded the limit.The unqualified rate of pH value of towels in hotels,beauty shops,and barber shops was 43.2%,13.6%and 11.4%,respectively.The main unqualified indexes of swimming pool were the pH value of swimming pool water,urea and oxidation-reduction potential,and the unqualified rate of oxidation-reduction potential was 29.6%.Conclusion The hygienic condition of public places in Hainan Province still needs to be improved in 2022.It is suggested that the relevant departments further strengthen the supervision and monitoring of the total number of bacteria,ammonia,PM_(10),PM_(2.5)and formaldehyde in indoor air,the total number of bacteria,coliform group and pH value of towels for public goods,and the redox potential,urea and pH value of swimming pool water.

关 键 词：公共场所 室内空气质量 公共用品用具 游泳池水质 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]