人神传播与国家治理:传播权力视阈下的甲骨占卜再探  

“Human-God Communication”and the Governance of the Shang Dynasty:A Re-Examination of Oracle Bone Divination in the Perspective of Communication Power

作　　者：宋素红 杨志鹏 Song Suhong;Yang Zhipeng(School of Journalism and Communication,Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学新闻传播学院,北京100875

出　　处：《新闻界》2024年第3期62-73,共12页Journalism and Mass Communication

摘　　要：“甲骨占卜”是商代统治者沟通天神的主要方式,以商王为首的贞人集团牢牢掌控这一“人神传播”过程,并借此操纵商代政治、经济、文化等各个方面。本文从“传播权力”视角出发,通过分析甲骨卜辞与相关史料,探讨甲骨占卜对商代国家治理的影响机制。研究发现,甲骨占卜通过“神权赋魅”“王权垄断”与“社会转译”三个阶段介入商代国家治理,即商代“尊神事鬼”的政治文化背景为甲骨占卜提供了民意支持,统治集团通过介入垄断与过程垄断设置了甲骨占卜的操控机制,最终经过社会引导与社会规训实现了甲骨占卜的社会能效转化。探究殷商时期“人神传播”与国家治理的关系,不仅是对政治传播研究的深化和补充,也是对华夏传播研究的拓展与丰富。As the main means of communication between the rulers of the Shang Dynasty and the gods,oracle bone divination was firmly controlled in the hands of the group of chaste people led by the Shang king,through which it manipulated all aspects of the social politics,economy and culture of the Shang Dynasty.This paper explores the influence of oracle bone divination on the governance of the Shang Dynasty from the perspective of“communication power”.It is found that oracle divination intervened in the state governance of the Shang Dynasty through three stages of“divine power enchantment”,“monopoly of royal power”and“social translation”,that is,the political and cultural background of the Shang Dynasty“respect for gods and ghosts”provided social support for oracle divination,and the ruling group set up the control mechanism of oracle divination through intervention monopoly and process monopoly.Finally,through social guidance and social discipline,the transformation of social energy efficiency of oracle divination was realized.To explore the relationship between“human-God communication”and state governance in the Shang Dynasties is not only to deepen and supplement the research on political communication,but also to expand and enrich the research on chinese communication.

关 键 词：甲骨占卜 甲骨卜辞 传播权力 国家治理 华夏传播 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]