以果蝇为模型探究温度感知的昼夜节律  

The circadian rhythm of temperature perception in Drosophila

作　　者：孙萍璐 刘志华 SUN Pinglu;LIU Zhihua(School of Life Sciences,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期314-319,共6页Journal of Hubei University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81871121)资助。

摘　　要：温度是决定生物体生存的重要环境因素之一。为了适应不断变化的环境温度,动物需要及时且有效地调节自身的生理和行为。生物钟是一种内在的时间系统,能够使动物的生理和行为与地球的昼夜周期保持同步。然而,目前对于动物如何根据环境温度的即时变化来调整自身的昼夜节律行为还不太清楚。本工作以黑腹果蝇为模型,研究了温度感知的昼夜节律性及其神经生物学基础。我们发现果蝇的运动活性在早晨和傍晚对温度变化有不同的反应:早晨温度升高会增加果蝇的运动活性,而傍晚温度升高则会降低果蝇的运动活性。这些结果说明果蝇对温度变化的反应具有昼夜节律性。我们进一步证明,突变生物钟基因或抑制节律神经元的活性会消除这种温度感知的昼夜节律性,表明生物钟在调控果蝇早晚温度感知上起着重要作用。我们的研究建立了一个新颖的行为学模型,为深入揭示生物钟对温度感知机制的影响奠定了基础。Temperature is one of the important environmental factors that determine the survival of living organisms.To adapt to the changing environmental temperature,animals need to regulate their physiology and behavior in a timely and effective manner.The biological clock is an intrinsic time system that enables animals to synchronize their physiology and behavior with the earth's day-night cycle.However,it is not clear how animals adjust their circadian rhythm behavior according to the instantaneous changes of environmental temperature.In this study,we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model to investigate the circadian rhythmicity of temperature perception and its neurobiological basis.We found that the locomotor activity of fruit flies showed different responses to temperature changes in the morning and evening:rising temperature in the morning increased the locomotor activity,while rising temperature in the evening decreased the locomotor activity of fruit flies.These results indicated that the response of fruit flies to temperature changes had circadian rhythmicity.We further demonstrated that mutating clock genes or inhibiting the activity of rhythmic neurons eliminated this circadian rhythmicity of temperature perception,suggesting that the biological clock played an important role in regulating the temperature perception of fruit flies in the morning and evening.Our study established a novel behavioral model,which laid a foundation for revealing the influence of biological clock on temperature perception mechanism.

关 键 词：温度感知 生物钟 运动行为 昼夜节律 果蝇 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]