新疆盐渍区水稻品种生育表现与耐盐性筛选  

Salt tolerance screening and fertility performance of rice varieties in saline areas of Xinjiang

作　　者：康民泰 杜孝敬 张燕红[3] 陈玉环 文孝荣[1] 唐福森[1] 赵志强[3] 袁杰[3] 王奉斌[1,2] KANG Mintai;DU Xiaojing;ZHANG Yanhong;CHEN Yuhuan;WEN Xiaorong;TANG Fusen;ZHAO Zhiqiang;YUAN Jie;WANG Fengbin(Wensu Rice Experiment Station,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Northwest Center of National Salinity Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center,Aksu Xinjiang 843100,China;Research Institute of Food Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Physiological Ecology and Cultivation of Desert Oasis Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830091,China;Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Crop Resistance and Germplasm Innovation in Arid Desert Areas(Preparation),Urumqi 830091,China;College of Science and Technology,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院温宿水稻试验站/国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心西北中心,新疆阿克苏843100 [2]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所/农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所/干旱荒漠区作物抗逆遗传改良与种质创新国家重点实验室(筹),乌鲁木齐830091 [4]新疆农业大学科学技术学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第3期591-598,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A03004-3);国家水稻产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-01-106)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同水稻品种的耐盐性,筛选出适合新疆盐渍化区种植的水稻品种。【方法】连续2年(2021~2022年)设置不同的盐浓度处理,研究新选育水稻品种全生育期受到不同盐浓度胁迫对其农艺性状和产量的影响。【结果】以C_(100)处理(2021年)和C_(120)处理(2022年)为鉴定标准,新粳14号、新粳香3号、新粳香5号为耐盐性“极强”品种;新粳6号、14GY44-5-1-7、新粳12号、新粳香2号为耐盐性“强”品种;新粳香8号、新稻11号、15GY65-3-2-1、新粳11号、秋田小町、新稻36号、盐丰47、12GY11-5-4-3-1-1、新粳4号、16GY54-2-3-1、新粳9号为耐盐性“较强”品种;新粳10号、新粳13号、15GY114-2-5-3-10、新粳盐02、15GY114-2-5-3为耐盐性“中等”品种;9HR156、新粳18号、越光为耐盐性“较弱”品种;03GY28-1-10-2-2-1为耐盐性“弱”品种。【结论】各生育时期不同水稻品种的秧苗成活率、叶绿素SPAD值、株高均随着盐浓度增加呈降低趋势;各水稻品种在成熟期的主穗长度、主穗结实率、千粒重、单株产量均随着盐浓度增加呈降低趋势,而过高的盐浓度会致使秧苗死亡;相同盐浓度处理下不同水稻品种的耐盐性有差异。综合筛选出的耐盐性“极强”的品种3个,耐盐性“强”的品种4个,耐盐性“较强”的品种11个,耐盐性“中等”的品种5个,耐盐性“较弱”的品种3个,耐盐性“弱”的品种1个。【Objective】To explore the salt tolerance of different rice varieties and screen out rrice varieties that would be suitable for cultivation in saline areas of Xinjiang.【Methods】Studies on the effects of different salt concentration stress on agronomic traits and yield of newly selected rice varieties were conducted for two consecutive years throughout the reproductive period.【Results】Using treatment C_(100)(2021)and treatment C_(120)(2022)as identification criteria,Xin Japonica 14,Xin Japonica Xiang 3 and Xin Japonica Xiang 5 were"very strong"salt tolereties varieties;Xin Japonica 6,14GY44-5-1-7,Xin Japonica 12 and Xin Japonica Xiang 2 were"strong"salt tolereties varieties;New Japonica 8,New Rice 11,15GY65-3-2-1,New Japonica 11,Akita Komachi,New Rice 36,Yanfeng 47,12GY11-5-4-3-1-1,New Japonica 4,16GY54-2-3-1,New Japonica 9 were"stronger"salt tolereties varieties;Xin Japonica 10,Xin Japonica 13,15GY114-2-5-3-10,Xin Japonica Salt 02 and 15GY114-2-5-3 were"medium"salt tolereties varieties;9HR156,Xin Japonica 18 and Koshihikari were"weaker"salt tolereties varieties;03GY28-1-10-2-2-1 were"weak"salt tolereties varieties.【Conclusion】The results showed that the seedling survival rate,SPAD value and plant height of different rice varieties showed a decreasing trend with the increase of salt concentration in each reproductive period;The main spike length,main spike seed setting rate,1,000-grain weight,and yield per plant of various rice varieties at maturity stage showed a decreasing trend with the increase of salt concentration,while excessive salt concentration would cause seedling death;Salinity tolerance of different rice varieties differed under the same salt concentration treatment.Three varieties with"very strong"salt tolerance were selected;Four varieties with"strong"salt tolerance;Eleven varieties with"stronger"salt tolerance;Five varieties with"medium"salt tolerance;Three varieties with"weaker"salt tolerance;One variety with"weak"salt tolerance.

关 键 词：水稻品种 盐渍区 耐盐性 筛选 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]