两种助剂在核桃腐烂病化学防控中的减药增效分析  

Effects of two adjuvants on bactericide reduction and efficacy enhancing in chemical prevention and control of walnut cancer disease

作　　者：王文窈 施万斌 芦屹 图尔荪托合提·阿卜杜拉 叶尔胜·哈尔肯 马荣[1] WANG Wenyao;SHI Wanbin;LU Yi;Tuersuntuoheti Abudula;Yeersheng Haerken;MA Rong(Collage of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Plant Protection Station of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830049,China;Hetan County Buzhake Township Forestry Station,Hetan Xinjiang 848000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区植物保护站,乌鲁木齐830049 [3]和田县布扎克乡林业站站长,新疆和田848000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第3期672-680,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项“基于环境因子驱动的核桃腐烂病、焦叶病和红枣果黑斑病预警及防控关键技术研发”(2021B02004-3)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究核桃树腐烂病的发生规律及降低病害防控过程中化学药剂的施用剂量。【方法】于2022年4~8月在新疆和田地区布扎克乡的6个样地中,采用五点取样法,定点定株调查核桃树腐烂病的发生情况。将前期优化出的2种化学药剂:40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW和1.6%噻霉酮PF与两种助剂:透翠树皮穿透剂和99%绿颖矿物油设置10不同处理进行施用,施药后观察病斑复发及愈合情况,计算药剂防效、助剂校正防效和病疤平均愈合宽度。【结果】新疆和田县布扎克乡核桃树腐烂病在2022年5月和8月出现2个发病高峰期;病菌主要通过剪锯口侵入,占病斑总数的44.1%;向阳面病斑数最多;40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW药剂减量30%+透翠100倍液和1.6%噻霉酮PF药剂减量50%+透翠100倍液处理后防效较高,分别为80%和86.7%。【结论】筛选出的2组最优药剂组合有利于减少化学药剂的施用量,降低防治成本,减少对环境的污染。【Objective】To clarify the occurrence rule of walnut cancer disease and reduce the concentration of chemical pesticides in the prevention and control process.【Methods】A survey of walnut cancer disease was carried out in 6 sample plots in Buzhake Township,Hetan County,Hetan,prefecture Xinjiang from April to August 2022 through five-point sampling method.Two chemical agents optimized in the early stage:40%Tebuconazole&Prochloraz EW and 1.6%benziothiazolinone PF,and two adjuvants:noposion Toucui bark penetrant and SK EnSpray 99 were applied in 10 different treatments.After application,the recurrence and healing of the spots were observed,and the efficacy prevention,the correction anti-effect and the mean healing width were calculated.【Results】The results showed that there were two peak periods of walnut cancer disease in Buzhake Township,Hotan County,Xinjiang in May and August in 2022.The pathogen invaded mainly through the sawing edge,accounting for 44.1%of the total number of spots.The number of spots on the sunny side was the most.The control effect of 40%Tebuconazole&Prochloraz EW reduced by 30%(1,428 times of solution)+Toucui 100 times of solution and 1.6%benziothiazolinone PF reduced by 50%(400 times of solution)+Toucui 100 times of solution were better,80%and 86.7%,respectively.【Conclusion】The optimal combination of the two groups of agents is beneficial to reduce the dosage of chemical agents,decrease the cost of prevention and control,and reduce the pollution to the environment.

关 键 词：核桃腐烂病 发病规律 化学药剂 助剂 减药增效 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]