好氧-厌氧耦合法处理奶牛场污水工艺分析  

Study on the process of aerobic-anaerobic coupling for dairy farm sewage

作　　者：李一帆 宫江平 高雁[3] 曾军[3] 霍向东[3] 李凤鸣[1] 刘建成 LI Yifan;GONG Jiangping;GAO Yan;Zeng Jun;HUO Xiangdong;LI Fengming;LIU Jiancheng(College of Animal Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830011,China;Karamay Ruili Kangyuan Landscape works Limited liability company,Karamay Xinjiang 834000,China;Institute of Microbiology Application,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Special Environmental Microbiology Laboratory,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]克拉玛依瑞利康源园林工程有限责任公司,新疆克拉玛依834000 [3]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2024年第3期727-733,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2020A01001-2);克拉玛依技术创新引导计划项目(20232023cgzh0013);新疆农业大学大学生创新项目(dxscx2021097);农业科技创新稳定支持项目(xjnkywdzc-2023005-6)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选降解奶牛场粪污水的微生物,为奶牛场粪污处理提供科学依据。【方法】选择可用于降解污水的微生物菌株,测定微生物处理奶牛场粪污水后的化学需氧量(COD)、生物需氧量(BOD_(5))、总磷(TP)和pH的数值。【结果】从具有降解污水功能的微生物中,筛选出降解效果较好的3株好氧微生物,分别为枯草芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、胶质芽孢杆菌;3株厌氧微生物,分别为沼泽红假单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌、沙雷氏菌;将6种好氧-厌氧菌耦合处理降解奶牛场粪污水,其降解效率均有不同程度的提升,好氧-厌氧耦合法处理奶牛场粪污水的工艺参数为菌种接种量5%、曝气量0.05 m^(3)/h(每隔10 h曝气2 h)、温度30℃、处理时间96 h。【结论】奶牛场污水中COD去除率为91.38%、BOD_(5)去除率为96.82%、TP去除率为82.6%,出水pH值为7.2~7.6,符合国家农田灌溉水标准。【Objective】To screen the microorganism that degrades the dariy manure sewage in the hope of providing the scientific basis for the dairy manure treatment.【Methods】The microbial strains that were reported using to degrade sewage and determine the values of COD(chemical oxygen demand),BOD_(5)(biological oxygen demang 5 days),TP(total phosphorus)and pH after processing the dairy farm sewage by microorganisms were selected.【Results】Three strains of aerobic bacteria were screened from the reported beneficial microorganisms that could be used for the treatment of dairy farm sewage,which were Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginous;There were 3 strains of anaerobes,including Rhodopseudomonas palustris,Pseudomonas fluorescens and Seratia marcescens.The best technological conditions for the treatment of dairy farm sewage by the aerobic-anaerobic coupling method were established:5%inoculum,0.05 m^(3)/h aeration(2 h aeration every 10 h),30℃and 96 h treatment time.【Conclusion】The removal rate of COD,BOD_(5) and TP in the dairy farm sewage is 91.38%,96.82%and 82.6%,respectively,and the effluent pH is 7.2-7.6,which conforms to the national standard for farmland irrigation water.

关 键 词：好氧菌 厌氧菌 污水 耦合机制 化学需氧量 生物需氧量 

分 类 号：Q939.9[生物学—微生物学]