铜冶炼侧吹炉用镁铬质耐火材料损毁机制  

Damage mechanism of magnesia-chrome refractories for side-blown copper smelting furnace

作　　者：付琪琪 钟立桦 白文献 淦永彤 邓俊杰 Fu Qiqi;Zhong Lihua;Bai Wenxian;Gan Yongtong;Deng Junjie(Sinosteel Luonai Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中钢洛耐科技股份有限公司,河南洛阳471000 [2]赤峰金通铜业有限公司,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《耐火材料》2024年第2期148-154,共7页Refractories

摘　　要：为了保证新工艺下侧吹炉的安全稳定运行,采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪分析了铜冶炼侧吹炉渣线部位侧墙镁铬砖的侵蚀损毁机制。结果表明:1)位于渣线处的镁铬砖由于受到铜锍、熔渣的交替冲刷、渗透作用,难以形成稳定的挂渣层,造成镁铬砖渗透-侵蚀-剥落的持续循环,导致该处的镁铬砖蚀损最为严重;而渣线上部镁铬砖的蚀损程度较小,原因是铜锍在渣线上部镁铬砖中的渗透作用明显减弱,镁铬砖热面形成稳定的尖晶石及橄榄石相致密层,可以一定程度上阻挡熔渣和铜锍的进一步渗透及侵蚀。2)铜锍虽然在镁铬砖中仅沿气孔和晶界渗透,并不参与侵蚀反应,但其渗透后包裹于基质颗粒或晶粒周围,破坏了镁铬砖的直接结合,破坏原镁铬砖的稳定结构,降低镁铬砖对熔渣及铜锍的抗侵蚀性。3)铜锍主要沿铬铁矿颗粒周围以及析出富铁尖晶石的方镁石晶间渗透,不利于镁铬砖抵抗SiO_(2)-FeO熔渣的渗透与侵蚀。In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the side-blown furnace adopting new process,the corrosion damage mechanism of the magnesia-chrome brick of the side wall at the slag line in a side-blown copper smelting furnace was researched using a scanning electron microscope and an energy dispersive spectrometer.The results show that:(1)the magnesia-chrome bricks located at the slag line undergo alternating corrosion and infiltration of copper matte and slag,which is hardly to form a stable slag layer,resulting in a continuous cycle of infiltration-corrosion-spalling of magnesia-chrome bricks and the severest corrosion;the corrosion of the magnesia-chrome bricks above the slag line is slight,because the infiltration of copper matte in the bricks is obviously weaken,and a stable spinel and olivine dense layer is formed on the hot surface of the bricks,serving as a barrier against further penetration and corrosion of slag and copper matte to a certain extent;(2)although copper matte only penetrates along the pores and grain boundaries in magnesia-chrome bricks without participating in the corrosion reaction,it penetrates and wraps the matrix particles or grains,disrupting the direct bonding of magnesia-chrome bricks,destroying the stable structure of the original magnesia-chrome bricks and consequently reducing their resistance to slag and copper matte;(3)the copper matte primarily penetrates along the chromite particles,and gaps between periclase crystals after the precipitation of iron-rich spinel,which is disadvantageous for the resistance of magnesia-chrome bricks to the penetration and corrosion of SiO_(2)-FeO slag.

关 键 词：铜冶炼 侧吹炉 镁铬砖 侵蚀 渗透 损毁机制 

分 类 号：TQ175[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]