月季花芽分化形态观测及遮阴对其进程的影响  

Observation on Morphology of Flower Bud Differentiation and the Effect of Shading on the Process of Rosa

作　　者：李元鹏 张英杰[2] 张京伟[2] 郭文姣[2] 刘学庆[2] 张丽丽 王新语[2] 刘洁[2] 孙纪霞[2] Li Yuanpeng;Zhang Yingjie;Zhang Jingwei;Guo Wenjiao;Liu Xueqing;Zhang Lili;Wang Xinyu;Liu Jie;Sun Jixia(College of Life Science,Yantai University,Yantai,264005;Yantai Agricultural Science and Technology Institute,Yantai,265500)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学生命科学学院,烟台264005 [2]山东省烟台市农业科学研究院,烟台265500

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第8期2715-2721,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：山东省农业科技资金(林业科技创新)项目;烟台市科技计划项目(2018NCGY056,2019MSGY112)共同资助。

摘　　要：为研究月季花芽分化的进程及遮阴对其进程的影响,本实验以月季‘梅郎口红’(Rouge Meilland)为试验材料,采用体视显微镜观察法结合石蜡切片法,对正常光照和遮光(50%)下花芽分化过程进行形态学观察。本研究结果表明:月季花芽分化历时40 d,整体进程可分为花芽分化起始期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期。可观察到,由于花瓣原基多次分化,是形成重瓣花的原因。不同花器起源于该花器原基边缘的分生组织细胞。本研究初步认为,遮光延缓了月季花芽分化的进程约7 d,也造成了部分花朵花瓣重瓣、雄雌蕊减少,花朵畸形和花径变小。两种方法在观察过程中保持一致,体视显微镜法更方便、快捷,更能体现空间特性,石蜡切片法烦琐、复杂,但能体现细胞排列情况且清晰度高。In order to study the process of flower bud differentiation and the effect of shading on the process of flower bud differentiation of rose,this experiment took 'Rouge Meilland' as the experimental material,and used testing of stereomicroscopes with paraffin method to observe the morphology of flower bud differentiation process under normal light and shading(50%).The results showed that the flower bud differentiation lasted for 40 days,and the process could be divided into the beginning of differentiation,sepal primordium differentiation phase,petal primordium differentiation phase,stamen primordium differentiation phase,pistil primordium differentiation phase,pistil primordium differentiation phase.Among them,the repeatedly differentiation of petal primordium is the reason for the multiple corolla.Different flower organ originated from meristematic cell at the edge of the floral organelle primordium.The results showed that shading delayed the process of flower bud differentiation for about7 days,and resulted in double flowers,reduced stamens and pistils,flower deformity and smaller flower diameter of some flowers.The two methods are consistent in the observation process,stereo microscope is more convenient and fast,it can better reflect the space utilization,while the paraffin method is complicated,but it can reflect the arrangement of cells with high definition.

关 键 词：月季 花芽分化 石蜡切片法 体视显微镜法 遮阴 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]