洪平杏的种子生物学特性  

Biological Characteristics of Seeds in Armeniaca hongpingensis

作　　者：胡胜 马鑫 陈晨 姜治国 杨敬元 李友志 陈发菊 何正权 Hu Sheng;Ma Xin;Chen Chen;Jiang Zhiguo;Yang Jingyuan;Li Youzhi;Chen Faju;He Zhengquan(Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,Biotechnology Research Center,China Three Gorges University,Yichang,443002;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Shennongjia Golden Monkey,Shennongjia National Park Administration,Shennongjia Forest Region,442421)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学生物技术研究中心,三峡区域植物遗传与种质创新重点实验室,宜昌443002 [2]神农架国家公园管理局,神农架金丝猴保育生物学湖北省重点实验室,神农架林区442421

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第8期2750-2755,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：神农架国家公园生物多样性研究与监测示范项目(2019ACA162)资助。

摘　　要：本研究以采自湖北神农架的洪平杏(Armeniaca hongpingensis Yu et Li)种子为材料,对其形态特征、种皮透性及萌发抑制物等进行研究。结果表明:洪平杏种子的平均长度、宽度和厚度分别为(2.726±0.073)cm、(1.876±0.069)cm和(1.119±0.027)cm,千粒重为(1851.033±62.85)g,种子为大粒种子,内部两个大子叶蕴含着丰富的营养物质,是物质与能量供应的来源,可以保证种子萌发。平均含水量为(12.72±1.25)%。带壳种子的平均吸水率为(18.60±0.53)%,去壳种子的平均吸水率为(32.44±6.27)%,种壳与种皮能减缓水分进入种子的速度,但不影响总吸水量。T.T.C活性染色检测到4℃下干藏半年的种子生活力仍为100%,都是健康有活力的种子。白菜种子的萌发检测表明,洪平杏种皮和种胚中均存在萌发抑制物质。洪平杏种子休眠的主要因素是种皮和种胚含有的萌发抑制物以及坚硬的外种壳对萌发过程中胚根突破种皮的机械阻力。此外,内果皮和种皮可能会对种子萌发早期的吸水有一定的阻碍作用。In this study,the seeds of A.hongpingensis collected from Shennongjia,Hubei Province were used as materials to study their morphological characteristics,seed coat permeability and germination inhibitors.The results shows that the average length,width and thickness of A.hongpingensis seeds are(2.726±0.073) cm,(1.876±0.069) cm and(1.119±0.027) cm,the thousand-grain weight is(1 851.033±62.85) g.The seeds are large seeds with two large cotyledons inside.Cotyledons are rich in nutrients,which are the source of material and energy supply and can ensure the germination of seeds.The average water content is(12.72±1.25)%.The average water absorption rate of hulled seeds is(18.60±0.53)%,and the average water absorption rate of hulled seeds is(32.44±6.27)%.Seed husks and seed coats can slow down the speed of water entering the seeds,but do not affect the total water absorption.T.T.C activity staining detected that the seed viability of the seeds dried at 4 ℃ for half a year was still 100%,and they were all healthy and vigorous seed.The germination test of cabbage seeds shows that there are germination inhibitors in the seed coat and embryo of A.hongpingensis.The main factors of seed dormancy of A.hongpingensis are the germination inhibitors contained in the seed coat and embryo,as well as the mechanical resistance of the radicle to break through the seed coat during the germination process.In addition,the endocarp and seed coat may hinder the water absorption in the early stage of seed germination.

关 键 词：洪平杏 种子 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]