细菌胞外囊泡与宿主的互作机制研究进展  

Advances in the Interaction Mechanism between Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles and Host

作　　者：黄继文 肖长峰[1] 杨长锁[1] 朱丽慧 HUANG Jiwen;XIAO Changfeng;YANG Changsuo;ZHU Lihui(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201106,China;College of Animal Science and Technology·College of Veterinary Medicine,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Zhejiang Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,上海201106 [2]浙江农林大学动物科技学院·动物医学院,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2024年第3期13-19,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：上海市科技兴农技术创新项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01133);上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划(沪农科卓[2022]021)。

摘　　要：细菌胞外囊泡(BEVs)是一类由细菌分泌的可携带和转运各种物质的纳米级颗粒,在母源细菌与宿主互作中发挥重要作用。研究发现,BEVs可携带母源细菌源抗原成分参与免疫反应信号通路,实现对宿主的免疫调节作用,为疫苗开发提供了新思路;肠道中的BEVs可刺激黏蛋白产生,增强肠道屏障效应、降低肠道炎症,既能作为修复肠炎患者肠道屏障功能的潜在药物,也可作为评估肠道损伤情况的标志物;BEVs还可通过调节糖和脂质代谢的信号通路调节宿主代谢。反过来,宿主也能影响细菌及其BEVs的分泌。本文综述了BEVs的组成及其在宿主免疫调节、肠道屏障功能和代谢过程中作用机制,以期为BEVs在临床和生产应用中提供参考。Bacterial extracellular vesicles(BEVs)are a type of nanoscale particles secreted by bacteria that can carry and transport various substances,playing important roles in the interaction between the mother bacteria and the host.Evidences have proved that BEVs can carry maternal bacterial derived antigen components to regulate immunity related pathways,achieving immune regulatory effects on the host,which providing new ideas for vaccine development.The intestinal BEVs can stimulate the production of mucin,enhance the intestinal barrier function,and inhibit intestinal inflammation,suggesting that these BEVs can serve as potential drugs for repairing the intestinal barrier function of patients with enteritis,as well as biomarkers for evaluating intestinal damage.In addition,BEVs can also regulate host metabolism through signaling pathways that regulate sugar and lipid metabolism.Conversely,the host can also affect the secretion of bacteria and their BEVs.This article reviews the composition of BEVs and their mechanisms of action in host immune regulation,intestinal barrier function,and metabolic processes,in order to provide reference for the clinical and production applications of BEVs.

关 键 词：细菌胞外囊泡 宿主 互作机制 

分 类 号：S811.2[农业科学—畜牧学]