选择性剪切在动物早期胚胎发育中的作用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Role of Alternative Splicing in Animal Early Embryonic Development

作　　者：赵亚楠 吴思雯 沙倩倩 梁兴伟 ZHAO Yanan;WU Siwen;SHA Qianqian;LIANG Xingwei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Guangxi Nanning 530004,China;Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital,Guangdong Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530005 [2]广东省第二人民医院,广东广州510000

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2024年第3期88-92,98,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2700100、2021YFA110030);国家自然科学基金项目(32372881、 82160287)。

摘　　要：胚胎发育是生命过程中至关重要的环节之一,整个过程受到诸多因素影响。选择性剪切作为一种重要的调控机制,不仅影响胚胎发育中的结构变化,而且在细胞命运决定方面起着关键作用。选择性剪切调控是一个非常复杂的过程,然而对早期胚胎发育中选择性剪切的描述一直是有限的,选择性剪切仍面临着许多需要深入研究和未解决的问题。本文就目前已有的选择性剪切机制及调控元素进行综述,讨论选择性剪切在哺乳动物早期胚胎发育中的剪切作用和应用前景,如影响早期胚胎器官发育和组织分化,通过动态剪接体的变化控制体外全能/多能干细胞的转变等,为深入了解动物胚胎发育过程提供参考,并为未来针对人类胚胎或组织再生等研究提供理论基础。Embryonic development is one of the crucial aspects of the life process and the whole process is influenced by many factors.Alternative splicing(AS),as an important regulatory mechanism,not only affects structural changes in embryonic development but also plays a key role in cell fate determination.Regulation of AS is a very complex process,however,the description of AS in early embryonic development is limited,and AS still faces many problems that need to be studied in depth and unresolved.This paper reviews the currently available AS mechanism and regulatory elements to discuss the role of AS in early mammalian embryonic development and its application prospects,such as influencing early embryonic organ development and tissue differentiation,and controlling the transformation of totipotent/pluripotent stem cells in vitro through dynamic spliceosome changes.It provides a reference for an in-depth understanding of animal embryonic development and a theoretical basis for future studies targeting human embryo or tissue regeneration.

关 键 词：选择性剪切 调控 胚胎发育 MRNA 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]