标本溶血对血站血液筛查实验室ELISA检测结果的影响  

Influence of sample hemolysis on ELISA test results in blood screening laboratory

作　　者：秦倩倩 葛红卫[1] 张婧[1] 赵子复 冷婵[1] 王瑞[1] QIN Qianqian;GE Hongwei;ZHANG Jing;ZHAO Zifu;LENG Chan;WANG Rui(Beijing Red Cross Blood Center,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市红十字血液中心,北京100088

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2024年第4期417-424,共8页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的 分析标本溶血对血站实验室ELISA检测结果的影响,确定针对实验室试验项目及检测系统特异的可接受的溶血程度,为制定溶血标本接受标准提供依据。方法 针对HBsAg、HIV Ag/Ab、抗-HCV、抗-TP 4项ELISA试验,分别制备不同溶血梯度的阴性标本和弱阳性标本(S/CO≈2),使用几种常用的国产试剂对上述标本进行检测,分析不同程度溶血对各项目阴性和弱阳性标本检测结果的影响。结果 1)标本溶血对HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP ELISA试验阴性和弱阳性标本的检测结果(反应性/非反应性)无影响;2)标本溶血对HIV Ag/Ab ELISA试验阴性和弱阳性标本的检测结果(反应性/非反应性)存在影响,建议将Hb 2 g/L作为HIV Ag/Ab ELISA试验可接受的溶血程度。结论 本研究确定了适用于本实验室相应试验项目和检测系统的溶血标本接受标准。溶血对血站实验室ELISA检测结果的影响与试剂、设备、环境等多种因素有关,实验室应结合自身具体情况进行评估和验证,科学合理地确定溶血标本接受标准。Objective To analyze the effect of sample hemolysis on ELISA test results in blood screening laboratory,so as to determine the acceptable tolerance of hemolysis specific to laboratory test items and detection system,and provide reference for the formulation of tolerance standard of sample hemolysis.Methods Negative and weakly positive(S/CO was about 2)samples with different hemolysis degrees were tested by several commonly used domestic reagents for HBsAg,HIV Ag/Ab,anti-HCV and anti-TP,respectively.The effects of various degrees of hemolysis on the test results of negative and weakly positive samples for each item were analyzed.Results 1)Hemolysis had no effect on the test results(reactive/non-reactive)of negative and weakly positive samples for HBsAg,anti-HCV and anti-TP ELISA items;2)Hemolysis affected the test results(reactive/non-reactive)of negative and weakly positive samples for HIV Ag/Ab ELISA item.A tolerance of Hb 2 g/L was taken as the acceptable hemolysis degree for HIV Ag/Ab ELISA item.Conclusion In this study,the acceptable tolerance of hemolytic samples for corresponding test items and detection system in our laboratory were determined.The influence of hemolysis on ELISA test result is related to the reagent,equipment,environment and other factors,therefore the acceptable tolerance of hemolysis should be determined scientifically and reasonably based on the specific evaluation of each laboratory.

关 键 词：溶血 血站实验室 ELISA 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学] R446[医药卫生—临床医学]