放牧家畜冷季补饲研究进展  

Research Progress on Supplementary Feeding of Grazing Livestock in Cold Season

作　　者：王佳雪 陶慧 王振龙 韩冰 王金全[1] 王秀敏[1] WANG Jiaxue;TAO Hui;WANG Zhenlong;HAN Bing;WANG Jinquan;WANG Xiumin(Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Grassland and Grassland College of Northwest A&F University,Shaanxi Yangling 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081 [2]西北农林科技大学草业与草原学院,陕西杨凌712000

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2024年第4期9-16,共8页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0404)。

摘　　要：随着放牧家畜饲养数量增加,草场将会不断退化,人畜、草畜矛盾也日益严重。高寒草甸因为气候恶劣,全年无明显四季之分,只有冷暖区别,使牧草现存量随季节变化差异较大。冷季补饲作为维持高寒地区畜牧业高效、可持续发展的重要措施之一,不仅可以减少家畜在越冬时掉膘和死亡造成的损失,还可以减轻放牧草地的压力,保证草地畜牧业的稳定发展。本文主要综述了高寒地区冷季饲料的种类及冷季补饲对家畜生理、生长性能和繁殖性能状态的影响,以及冷季补饲对维持草地生态和草地恢复的作用,以期为高寒草地冷季补饲的进一步研究实践提供参考。With an increase in grazing livestock numbers,grassland degradation poses an enormous threat to human,which continuously sharpen the forage-livestock-people contradiction.The four seasons are not distinct in alpine meadow,but only the cold and warm seasons;the standing forage varies greatly with the season.Supplementary feeding in cold season can not only improve livestock body weight and morality,but also alleviate grazing pressure,so as to keep the sustainable development of grass-based livestock husbandry.In this review,we summarized the feed types,the effects of supplementary feeding on the growth and reproductive performance of livestock,as well as the ecologic function of grasslands.It would provide a reference for further research.

关 键 词：高寒地区 冷季补饲 家畜 生产性能 微生物 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]