土家药山姜挥发油的安全性初步评价  

Preliminary Evaluation on the Safety of Volatile Oil of the Alpinia japonica Rhizome in Tujia Medicine

作　　者：吴美静 汪子荣 吉秀帅 梁渝敏 许睿 向露 许太静 陈希 向娟[1,3,4,5] WU Meijing;WANG Zirong;JI Xiushuai;LIANG Yumin;XU Rui;XIANG Lu;XU Taijing;CHEN Xi;XIANG Juan(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan China;Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture National Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jishou 416000,Hunan China;Chemical and Pharmacological Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in Wuling Mountain Area,Jishou 416000,Hunan China;State Ethnic Affairs Commission Key Laboratory for the Inheritance and Innovation of Tujia Medicine,Jishou 416000,Hunan China;Tujia Medicine Research Center in Hunan,Jishou 416000,Hunan China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学药学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]湘西自治州民族中医院,湖南吉首416000 [3]武陵山区药用资源化学与药理实验室,湖南吉首416000 [4]土家医药传承与创新实验室国家民委重点实验室,湖南吉首416000 [5]湖南省土家医药研究中心,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《吉首大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期67-73,共7页Journal of Jishou University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82360846);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ40442);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(20C1517)。

摘　　要：以小鼠为实验对象,通过急性毒性试验和亚急性毒性试验,初步评价土家药山姜挥发油的安全性.急性毒性试验分为挥发油组和对照组,挥发油组以最大耐受量单次给药5 mL/kg.亚急性毒性试验分为挥发油低剂量组(给药剂量1.3 g/kg)、挥发油高剂量组(给药剂量2.6 g/kg)和对照组,灌胃给药,每天1次,连续15 d.给药后,观察小鼠的体征变化,记录体重和脏器系数,检测血浆中尿素氮、肌酐含量及血清中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活力,进行组织病理学检查.结果表明,与对照组相比,给药后大部分小鼠体征正常,个别小鼠有竖毛等现象,小鼠的脏器系数、尿素氮含量、肌酐含量、谷丙转氨酶活力、谷草转氨酶活力无明显变化(P>0.05);与开始试验时的体重相比,结束试验时的小鼠体重未呈下降趋势;急性毒性试验中1只小鼠死亡;亚急性毒性试验中1只小鼠的谷丙转氨酶活力明显升高(135.30 U/L);1只小鼠肝组织有炎症,1只小鼠存在肝纤维化迹象.实验结果提示山姜挥发油急性毒性低,但在临床高剂量下连续用药可能出现一定的肝毒性,临床上使用应注意其安全性.With mice as the experimental subject,the safety of the volatile oil of the Alpinia japonica(Thunb.)Miq Rhizome(AJV)was evaluated through acute toxicity test and subacute toxicity test.The acute toxicity test was divided into the AJV group and control group.The acute toxicity test was conducted with a maximum tolerance dose 5 mL/kg of volatile oil.The subacute toxicity test was divided into low-dose AJV group(1.3 g/kg)and high-dose AJV group(2.6 g/kg)and control group,and the drugs were intragastrically administered once a day for 15 consecutive days.After administration,the physical signs of the mice were observed,body weight and organ coefficient were recorded,the contents of urea nitrogen and creatinine in plasma and the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum were detected,and histopathological examination was performed.The results showed that compared with the control group,the physical signs of most mice were normal after administration,and some mice had vertical hair.There were no significant changes in organ coefficient,urea nitrogen content,creatinine content,alanine aminotransferase activity and aspartate aminotransferase activity of mice(P>0.05).Compared with the weight at the beginning of the experiment,the weight of the mice did not decrease at the end of the experiment.One mouse died in the acute toxicity test.In the subacute toxicity test,the alanine aminotransferase level of 1 mouse significantly increased(135.30 U/L).Pathological findings showed that 1 mouse had liver tissue inflammation and 1 mouse had liver fibrosis.The results indicated that the acute toxicity of volatile oil was low,but it may cause some hepatotoxicity with high dosage in clinic.Attention should be paid to its safety.

关 键 词：山姜 挥发油 急性毒性 亚急性毒性 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]