资源与能力匹配下的中小企业数字化转型研究  

Research on the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises under the matching of resources and capabilities

作　　者：牛璐 陈志军[1] 刘振[2] NIU Lu;CHEN Zhi-jun;LIU Zhen(School of Management,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China;School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学管理学院,山东济南250100 [2]山东大学国际创新转化学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《科学学研究》2024年第4期766-777,共12页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72272088);泰山学者工程专项经费(tsqn202103095);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2022MG004)。

摘　　要：中小企业的数字化转型是我国数字中国建设中的重要组成部分。虽然已有研究在中小企业数字化转型对效率和绩效提升等方面的检验已取得较大突破,但忽视了其转型前因的探索,特别是多种前因要素的综合影响对中小企业数字化转型模式选择的作用尚不明晰。本研究基于中小企业资源和能力相对有限的重要特征,从资源与能力匹配的视角,探究不同要素禀赋组合下中小企业会构建何种数字化转型模式。通过对128家中小企业的问卷调查,借助fsQCA方法进行前因的组态分析,研究结果表明:(1)企业资源和动态能力之间存在“多重并发”的效应,可以通过不同的组合路径实现7种数字化模式的转型发展;(2)将7类模式进一步聚类并提出适用于资源实力较强而动态能力较弱的资源推动型辅助价值链转型、资源实力均衡但动态能力突出的能力拉动型增值价值链转型以及小型及微型企业适用的并行式数字化转型。研究丰富了中小企业数字化转型中前因要素的研究,并为中小企业的数字化转型实践提供了参考。The digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises is an important part of China's digital construction.Although the existing research has made great breakthroughs in the test of efficiency and performance improvement of SMEs'digital transformation,but neglected the exploration of its transformation antecedents,especially the comprehensive impact of various antecedent factors on the selection of SMEs'digital transformation mode is still unclear.Based on the important characteristics of relatively limited resources and capabilities of SMEs,this study explores what kind of digital transformation mode SMEs will build under different factor endowment combinations from the perspective of matching resources and capabilities.Through the questionnaire survey of 128 small and medium-sized enterprises and the configuration analysis of antecedents with the help of fsQCA method,the research results show that:(1)there is a"multiple concurrent"effect between enterprise resources and dynamic capabilities,and the transformation and development of seven digital models can be realized through different combination paths;(2)further cluster seven types of models and propose three types of digital transformation models for small and medium-sized enterprises.One is the resource-driven auxiliary value chain transformation with strong resource strength and weak dynamic capability.When small and medium-sized enterprises have strong resource strength and their dynamic capabilities cannot further transform resources into competitive advantages,they can choose to rely on existing resources to carry out the digital transformation of corresponding functions.At the same time,the lack of dynamic capabilities is not conducive to the digital transformation of value-added links with strong interaction with the outside.Therefore,small and medium-sized enterprises with such combination of resources and capabilities can choose to support the digital transformation of value chain modules.Second model is the transformation of value-added

关 键 词：中小企业 数字化转型 资源 动态能力 

分 类 号：F270.7[经济管理—企业管理]