政策计量视角下我国科学数据开放共享政策演进与体系构建  

Features and current situation of the evolution of China’s scientific data open sharing policy from the perspective of policy bibliometric

作　　者：温珂 宋大成 游玎怡 李慧敏 Ke Wen;Dacheng Song;Dingyi You;Huimin Li(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Public Policy and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院,北京100049

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第9期1175-1182,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国科学院学部咨询评议项目(2020-ZW13-A-025);中国博士后科学基金(2022M723220)资助。

摘　　要：大数据时代,科学研究迈入数据密集型的“第四范式”,科学数据成为国家创新发展的基础性战略资源,在国家科技创新中占据越来越重要的战略地位[1,2].开放共享是科学数据作为人类知识财富的应有之义,也是实现科学数据自身价值与意义的根本途径.欧洲联盟委员会副主席Neelie Kroes曾指出:“唯有开放和共享,我们方能在科学上进步”[3].In the era of big data,data has emerged as a critical component of productivity,and a key driver in the restructuring of production relationships.As scientific research advances into the data-intensive era,often referred to as the fourth paradigm,scientific data has become a fundamental strategic resource for national innovation.It holds an increasingly significant position in the domain of national science and technology innovation.In the face of the escalating competition between China and the United States,China is confronted with the risk of being hindered in the realm of scientific data due to restricted access imposed by Western countries.Simultaneously,China must enhance the sharing and utilization of scientific data to overcome the technological blockade imposed by the West,and achieve a high level of self-sufficiency in science and technology.However,China’s scientific data largely remain isolated in silos and have not been effectively exchanged and utilized.Therefore,a rigorous policy analysis is imperative to promote the sharing and exploitation of scientific data,while also providing support for the enhancement of policies governing the opening and sharing of scientific data.It is of paramount importance to analyze policies aimed at promoting scientific data sharing and exploitation and to bolster the improvement of policies related to the open sharing of scientific data.In this paper,we focus on examining the national-level scientific open sharing policies pertaining to scientific data,including those issued by various ministries and commissions.Through the application of content analysis and policy bibliometrics,we analyze a total of 132 scientific data open sharing policies in China.The primary objective is to gain insights into the characteristics of the existing scientific data open sharing policies in China,and identify the challenges encountered in their implementation.Based on the historical development of scientific data open sharing policies,we categorize them into three distinct stages:th

关 键 词：知识财富 科学数据 国家科技创新 开放共享 政策演进 大数据时代 欧洲联盟 数据密集型 

分 类 号：G322.0[文化科学]