微生物菌剂与大豆秸秆生物炭配施对砂姜黑土养分及小白菜品质的影响  

Effects of combined microbial fungicide and soybean straw biochar on nutrients and quality of Brassica napus in black soil of sand ginger

作　　者：蒋志洋 周育智[1] 陈道坤 黄美琴 JIANG Zhiyang;ZHOU Yuzhi;CHEN Daokun;HUANG Meiqin(School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;Xi’an Center of Mineral Resources Survey,China Geological Survery,Xi’an 710100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]中国地质调查局西安矿产资源调查中心,西安710100

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2024年第4期133-139,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41572333);安徽省重点研究与开发项目(S202104a06020064);淮南关闭矿井地质生态环境评价及综合治理(HNKY-PG-WT-2021-260)。

摘　　要：为明确微生物菌剂与大豆秸秆生物炭协同配施对砂姜黑土的改良效果,以砂姜黑土作为研究对象,采用田间原位盆栽试验,在常规施肥的基础上设单施生物炭处理、菌剂与生物炭配施处理(BC1、BC2、BC3、MB1、MB2、MB3),探究不同处理对砂姜黑土化学性质(pH、有机质含量、全氮含量、有效磷含量、速效钾含量)、小白菜长势(株高、单株鲜质量、主根长和叶宽)和品质(小白菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和维生素C含量)的影响。与对照组CK(常规施肥)相比,单施生物炭(BC1、BC2、BC3)和微生物菌剂配施生物炭(MB1、MB2、MB3)均可提高土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷含量和小白菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C含量,其提升范围依次为18.98%~64.49%、11.82%~40.00%、23.41%~98.07%和28.89%~66.37%、15.25%~46.33%、42.98%~152.76%;小白菜的长势、抗根肿病能力和品质均随生物炭添加量的增加呈现先提高后降低的趋势,其中MB2处理效果最优。大豆秸秆生物炭配施微生物菌剂协同改良了土壤化学性质并提高了小白菜的品质。在本试验范围内微生物菌剂配施2.5%生物炭添加比例效果最佳。To clarify the effect of synergistic application of combined functional fungicides and soybean straw biochar on the black soil of ginger,the black soil of sand ginger was used as the research object,Using in situ pot experiments in the field,six treatments(BC1,BC2,BC3,MB1,MB2,MB3)based on the conventional fertilizer application were conducted,and investigated the effects of different treatments on the chemical properties of the black soil of sand ginger,the growth and the quality of Chinese cabbage.Compared with the control group,the application of biochar alone(BC1,BC2,BC3)and microbial fungi with biochar(MB1,MB2,MB3)significantly increased the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,effective phosphorus contents and the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein,and vitamin C of Brassica napus intherangesof18.98%-64.49%,11.82%-40.00%,23.41%-98.07%and28.89%-66.37%,15.25%-46.33%,42.98%-152.76%,respectively.The growth,resistance to rhizoctonia,and quality of Chinese cabbage showed a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of biochar addition,among which MB2 treatment had the best effect.Soybean straw biochar with microbial agents synergistically improved soil chemistry and enhanced the quality of Brassica napus,and microbial agents with a 2.5%biochar addition rate were the most effective within the scope of this experiment.

关 键 词：小白菜 微生物菌剂 大豆秸秆 生物炭 

分 类 号：S634[农业科学—蔬菜学]