天然林保护与公益林管理并轨的底层逻辑及深化策略  

Underlying Logic and Facilitation Strategy of Combining Natural Forest Protection and Non-Commercial Forest Management

作　　者：赵书学[1] 王玉和 李柱[1] 董路梅[1] Zhao Shuxue;Wang Yuhe;Li Zhu;Dong Lumei(Ecology Branch,Yunnan Institute of Forest Inventory and Planning,Kunming 650031,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业调查规划院生态分院,昆明650031

出　　处：《林草政策研究》2023年第3期16-24,共9页Journal of forestry and grassland policy

摘　　要：天然林保护与公益林管理并轨可使森林分类经营和林业生态体系建设更加科学化和规范化,有助于解决新时代新形势下森林资源保护管理存在的问题,是生态文明思想的实践创新。文中梳理中华人民共和国成立以来森林分类经营政策的演变过程,从统一基础数据、统一财政政策、统一管护体系3个方面探究实现天然林保护与公益林管理并轨的底层逻辑,从法律法规、产权制度、财税制度、技术标准、生态产品价值实现机制5个方面总结当前面临的挑战与困难,并从健全法律法规体系、调整生态林产权制度改革方向、进一步深化财税制度改革、整合修订相关技术标准、探索生态产品价值实现机制5个方面提出了深化策略。The combination of natural forest protection and non-commercial forest management can bring forest classification management and forestry ecosystem improvement on a more scientific and standardized track,effectively solving the problems in forest resource protection and management in the new era,and it is a significant innovation in ecological civilization thoughts.Through the review of the evolution process of the policies related to forest classification management since the establishment of the People s Republic of China,this paper explores the underlying logic of combining natural forest protection and non-commercial forest management from three aspects,i.e.,the transition from multiple functions and classification management of forests to the unified basic data,the transition from the fiscal and tax system reform and transfer payment to unified fiscal policies,and the transition from protection and management of forest resource and improvement of forestry ecological systems to a unified system of management and protection.The core issues including laws and regulations,property right systems,and fiscal and tax system,technical standards and ecological product value are analyzed,and current challenges and difficulties are summarized.The strategies are hence proposed from the five aspects of improving the legal and regulatory system,adjusting the reform direction of ecological forest tenure system,further deepening the reform of financial and tax system,integrating and revising relevant technical standards,and exploring the mechanism for realizing ecological product value.

关 键 词：天然林保护 公益林管理 并轨 生态林 森林分类经营 森林资源保护管理 

分 类 号：F326.20[经济管理—产业经济]