2020—2022年我国农村集中式供水工程水质风险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors for water quality of rural centralized water supply projects in China,2020-2022

作　　者：陶雅楠 熊传龙[1] 夏云婷[1] TAO Ya-nan;XIONG Chuan-ong;XIA Yun-ting(National Center for Rural Water Supply Technical Guidance,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心,北京102200

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第3期254-257,263,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的 分析影响我国农村集中式供水工程水质的主要风险因素,为进一步提升农村饮用水水质提供参考依据。方法 于2020—2022年对我国494座农村集中式供水工程进行基础信息和卫生学调查,对工程的基本特征进行描述性分析,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响水质的因素,发现工程存在的卫生学风险。结果 共计494座被调查工程末梢水的达标率为85.4%。2020、2021和2022年末梢水达标率分别为75.8%、90.0%和91.0%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,水源类型、是否有定期巡查和事故反应机制、是否按指标和频率要求进行出厂水水质检验等是末梢水达标的影响因素。结论 我国农村集中式供水工程水质需进一步提升,水源和卫生管理是影响末梢水达标的主要因素,建议加强对水源的保护以及优化管理措施,从而保障农村饮用水安全。Objective To analyze the main risk factors affecting the water quality of rural centralized water supply projects in Chi-na,and to provide a reference for further improving the quality of rural drinking water.Methods Basic information collection and hy-gienic survey of 494 rural centralized water supply projects in China were conducted in 2020—2022.Descriptive analysis of the basic characteristics of the projects was carried out.Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the factors affecting water quality and to find out the hygienic risks.Results The qualified rate of tap water of 494 investigated projects was 85.4%.The qualified rates of tap water in 2020,2021,and 2022 were 75.8%,90.0%,and 91.0%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the type of water source,the existence of regular inspection and accident response mechanism,and quality test of effluent water according to the requirements for indicators and frequency were the risk factors for the qualification of tap water.Conclusion The water quality of China’s rural centralized water supply projects still needs to be improved.Water source and hygiene management are the main fac-tors affecting the qualified rate of tap water.It is recommended to strengthen the protection of water sources and optimize the manage-ment measures to guarantee the safety of drinking water in rural areas.

关 键 词：农村集中式供水 生活饮用水 风险因素 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]