不同灌水量对油葵干物质累积和产量的影响  

On Effect of Different Irrigation Amount on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Oil Sunflower

作　　者：吕婷 LV Ting(Key Irrigation Experimental Station of Wuwei City in Gansu Province,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China;Water Conservancy Technology Promotion Center of Wuwei City in Gansu Province,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省武威市中心灌溉试验站,甘肃武威733000 [2]甘肃省武威市水利科技推广中心,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《黄河水利职业技术学院学报》2024年第2期14-19,共6页Journal of Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute

摘　　要：为了确定河西走廊灌区油葵的最优灌溉模式,在武威市中心灌溉试验站进行田间试验,研究不同灌水量对油葵干物质累积和产量的影响。结果表明,灌水较少会使油葵干物质积累过早趋于平稳,累计值较低,过剩的灌水量则会使得干物质累积进入快速上升期的时间较晚,致使快速累积期的持续时间较短,干物质更多以茎、叶累积为主。开花期适时灌水有利于干物质累积。油葵全生育期耗水量与产量呈抛物线关系。综合分析得出,全生育期灌水4次(播种期600 m^(3)/hm^(2)、苗期400 m^(3)/hm^(2)、现蕾期400 m^(3)/hm^(2)、开花期400 m^(3)/hm^(2)),总灌水量1800 m^(3)/hm^(2)为最优灌溉模式。此条件下,油葵产量为3725.09 kg/hm^(2),水分利用效率为1.49 kg/m^(3),达到了高产节水的目的。In order to determine the optimal irrigation mode of oil sunflower in Hexi Corridor,a field experiment was conducted in Wuwei Key Irrigation Experimental Station to research the effects of different irrigation amounts on dry matter accumulation and yield of oil sunflower.The results showed that less irrigation water would make the accumulation of dry matter stabilize early,and the accumulation value was low.The more irrigation water would make the accumulation of dry matter enters the rapid the rapidly rising stage later,resulting in a short duration of the rapid accumulation period,and the more dry matter accumulated mainly in stems and leaves.Timely irrigation at the flowering stage was conducive to dry matter accumulation.There was a parabolic relationship between water consumption and yield of oil sunflower during the whole growth period.According to the comprehensive analysis,the optimal irrigation mode was 4 times in the whole growth period(600m^(3)/hm^(2) at sowing stage,400m^(3)/hm^(2) at the seedling stage,400m^(3)/hm^(2) at budding stage,400m^(3)/hm^(2) at the flowering stage and 1800m^(3)/hm^(2) of total irrigation water.Under these conditions,the yield of oil sunflower was 3725.09 kg/hm^(2),and the water use efficiency was 1.49 kg/m^(3),which achieved the purpose of high yield and water saving.

关 键 词：油葵 灌水量 干物质累积 Logistics生长模型 耗水量 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]