丹江流域山区地表水-地下水水化学特征及其影响因素  

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Surface Water and Groundwater in the Mountainous Area of Danjiang River Basin

作　　者：张子燕 伏永朋 王宁涛 谭建民[1,2] 刘亚磊 ZHANG Zi-yan;FU Yong-peng;WANG Ning-tao;TAN Jian-min;LIU Ya-lei(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey(Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences),Wuhan 430205,China;Institute of Geological Survey,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心(中南地质科技创新中心),武汉430205 [2]中国地质大学地质调查研究院,武汉430074

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第4期2107-2117,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42002262);中国地质调查局项目(DD20221777,DD20160256)。

摘　　要：丹江流域是南水北调中线工程重要水源涵养区,深入研究丹江流域水化学特征及其影响因素,对区域水资源保护及合理利用具有重要意义.通过对丹江流域水样采集与分析,综合运用描述性统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子比例系数法及氢氧同位素的方法,分析丹江流域水化学特征及其影响因素.结果表明,丹江流域水体整体呈弱碱性,主要水化学类型为HCO_(3)-Ca型,中游离子质量浓度及水化学类型变化频繁.流域水体均受大气降水补给,地表水受蒸发作用影响明显,水化学组分受岩石风化溶解、离子交换和人类活动共同影响. Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)源于方解石、白云石及石膏等碳酸盐和硫酸盐矿物溶解,农业活动是水中硝酸盐的主要来源.地表水与地下水频繁转化和支流汇入影响是丹江干流空间分布特征差异化的主要原因.The Danjiang River Basin is an important water conservation area in the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project.Studying the hydrochemical characteristics and influencing factors of the Danjiang River Basin is of great significance for the protection and rational utilization of regional water resources.In this study,water samples in the Danjiang River Basin were collected and analyzed.Descriptive statistics,Piper trilinear diagram,Gibbs diagram,ion ratio coefficient,and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes were utilized to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics and influencing factors of the Danjiang River Basin.The results showed that the water body in the study area was weakly alkaline,and the main hydrochemical type was HCO_(3)-Ca.The ion mass concentration and hydrochemical types changed frequently in the middle reaches.The water bodies in the basin were all recharged by atmospheric precipitation,and surface water was obviously affected by evaporation.The hydrochemical compositions were influenced by rock weathering and dissolution,ion exchange,and human activities.Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)originated from the dissolution of carbonate and sulfate minerals such as calcite,dolomite,and gypsum.Agricultural activities were the main source of nitrate in the water.The frequent exchange of surface water and groundwater and the influence of tributary inflow were the main reasons for the spatial distribution differentiation of the Danjiang main stream.

关 键 词：丹江流域 水化学特征 同位素 岩石风化 离子交换 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]