河道流量遥感估算研究进展与展望  

Estimating streamflow using remote sensing: Progress and prospects

作　　者：孙文超[1,2] 王星灿 徐宗学 SUN Wenchao;WANG Xingcan;XU Zongxue(College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]城市水循环与海绵城市技术北京市重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《地理学报》2024年第3期565-583,共19页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3200102);国家自然科学基金项目(52179002,41671018)。

摘　　要：河道流量数据为水文水资源领域科学研究与水利工程规划设计提供重要的科学依据。缺实测资料地区河道流量估算是过去几十年水文学界重点解决的科学问题之一。基于遥感观测的河道流量估算方法是解决水文资料缺乏的有效手段,同时也是定量遥感与水文水资源学科交叉研究的重要领域。本文系统总结了河道水面宽度、水面高程等与河道流量紧密相关水力学变量的遥感反演方法研究现状,梳理了经验关系法、与水文模型结合和与河流水动力模型结合等基于卫星观测的流量估算数学方法研究进展。在此基础上,阐述了河道流量遥感估算研究中流量估算结果误差评估、多星协作提升观测频率与方法普适性评估等难点问题与未来发展趋势。最后,探讨了遥感估算流量方法的应用前景。Streamflow data provide vital information for research on hydrology and water resources,as well as for the design of water conservancy and hydropower projects.The lack of streamflow data is an important limiting factor that researchers in the field of hydrology have tried to address in the past decades.Streamflow estimation based on satellite data is an effective way to solve this problem,and it is an important topic for interdisciplinary research on quantitative remote sensing and hydrology.This paper summarizes the current research status of remote sensing inversion methods for hydraulic variables closely related to streamflow,including water surface width and water surface elevation.The research progress of mathematical methods of streamflow estimation based on satellite observations,such as establishing empirical relationships and integrating information with hydrological or hydrodynamic models,is described.The error evaluation of streamflow estimates,increasing observation frequency by multi-satellite collaboration,and the applicability of inversion method are discussed,are the factors that have hindered research into streamflow estimation based on remote sensing.Trends for future studies are elaborated and potential applications for streamflow estimation based on remote sensing are proposed.

关 键 词：遥感 河道流量 缺资料地区 水力学 水文循环 

分 类 号：P332.4[天文地球—水文科学] TP79[水利工程—水文学及水资源]