鞋前跷参数设计对步行生物力学特征的影响:综述与展望  

Research Progress on The Influence of Toe Spring Parameters Design on Biomechanical Characteristics of Walking

作　　者：赵碎浪 马瑞雅 滕进 邢睿 曲峰[1] ZHAO Suilang;MA Ruiya;TENG Jin;XING Rui;QU Feng(Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084 [2]北京服装学院,北京100029

出　　处：《皮革科学与工程》2024年第3期51-57,共7页Leather Science and Engineering

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划专项课题(2021YFF0306700)。

摘　　要：为了探讨不同鞋前跷参数设计对人体步行下肢生物力学特征可能产生的影响。通过文献检索的方法,在PubMed、中国知网(核心期刊)等中英文数据库对近30年关于鞋前跷参数对下肢生物力学影响的文献进行了检索。共检索到486篇文献,经过筛选,最终纳入16篇文献进行分析。结果表明,不同鞋前跷参数设计对足底压力、步态稳定性、足踝生物力学产生影响,且影响机制不同:顶点位置通过改变踝关节跖屈阻力臂,影响踝关节跖屈力矩大小,进而影响跟腱应力;前跷角度可以减少跖趾关节背屈角,降低前足足底压力,减弱绞盘效应和缓解足底筋膜应力,但较小的顶点角度会破坏步态稳定性。不同参数的组合对足踝部健康的效果各不相同,因此需要进一步明确各参数之间的相互作用机制,以确保功能性鞋靴设计的应用效果。In order to explore the possible effects of different toe spring parameter designs on the biomechanical characteristics of human walking,literature searches were conducted using databases such as PubMed and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure to get articles published over the past 30 years about the influence of the spring parameters on lower limb biomechanics.A total of 486 articles were retrieved,and 16 of them were ultimately included for analysis.The results showed that different design parameters could have an impact on plantar pressure,gait stability,and ankle biomechanics.The apex position can affect ankle dorsiflexion resistance by changing the resistance arm,thereby affecting ankle dorsiflexion torque and subsequently affecting Achilles tendon stress.Altering the forefoot rocker angle could reduce the dorsiflexion angle of the metatarsophalangeal joint,leading to the decreased forefoot plantar pressure.It also helps to mitigate the winding effect and relieve plantar fascia stress.However,smaller apex angles can disrupt gait stability.The benefits of different combinations of parameters for foot and ankle health vary,and it is necessary to further clarify the interactions among these parameters to ensure the application effectiveness of functional footwear design.

关 键 词：足底压力 步态稳定性 足踝生物力学 摇臂鞋 前跷弧度设计 

分 类 号：TS943.1[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]