高铁区位对中国异地投资的影响与异质性评价  

Evaluation of the heterogeneity and impact of high-speed rail location on cross-regional investment in China

作　　者：焦敬娟[1] 马王钰青 王伟 Jiao Jingjuan;Ma Wangyuqing;Wang Wei(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Economic&Management Research Institute,China Railway Economic and Planning Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038;School of Tourism and Geography Science,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044 [2]中国铁路经济规划研究院有限公司经济与管理研究所,北京100038 [3]青岛大学旅游与地理科学学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《地理科学》2024年第3期400-410,共11页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071147、42001119)资助。

摘　　要：作为一种特殊的跨区域重大基础设施,高速铁路(下文简称为“高铁”)开通减少沿线企业面临的要素约束,降低企业间的信息不对称和代理成本,促进沿线地区资本流动,影响城市间的异地投资。依托2008-2017年中国上市公司新建投资决策数据,以高铁所引致的连通性和可达性等区位条件变化为切入,分析和评价高铁对异地投资的影响及其空间异质性。研究发现:①东部地区连通性提升更快,西部地区可达性改善更显著;巨特大城市与中小城市的可达性和连通性的绝对差距不断拉大。②异地投资主要流向东部地区和巨特大城市,但地区差异呈缩小态势。③高铁区位对异地投资有显著正向影响,并且可达性的影响程度大于连通性的影响。④高铁区位对不同地区、不同规模城市异地投资的影响呈现差异性,连通性促进资金向东部地区和巨特大城市流动,可达性则能够显著提升西部地区及小城市对异地投资的吸引。As a special cross-regional major infrastructure,the operation of high-speed rail(HSR)reduces factor con-straints faced by firms along the route,information asymmetry and agency costs among enterprises,promotes capital flows in the regions along the route,and influences inter-city investment.Several studies have explored the impacts on enterprises investment decisions of the introduction of HSR evaluated by a dummy variable reflecting whether a city is passed by HSR,however,little attention has been paid to the impacts of the improvement in accessibility and con-nectivity caused by HSR.To this end,this paper analyzes and evaluates the impact of the enhanced accessibility and connectivity caused by HSR on enterprises inter-city investment and its spatial heterogeneity,relying on data about the new investment decisions of Chinese listed companies from 2008―2017.It is found that:1)Connectivity is improved higher in the cities in eastern region and accessibility is improved more significantly in the western region;the dispar-ities of the accessibility and connectivity between mega-cities and small/medium-sized cities keeps widening.2)The inter-city investment is mainly concentrated between cities in the eastern region and mega-cities,but the regional dif-ferences are narrowing.3)The enhanced accessibility and connectivity caused by HSR have a significant positive im-pact on inter-city investment,and the impact of accessibility is greater than that of connectivity.4)The impact of HSR accessibiity and connectivity on inter-city investment varies across different regions and cities with different popula-tion scales.Amongst,the improvement in connectivity has generated larger influence on the inter-city investment flowing to the cities in eastern region and mega-cities,while the enhanced accessibility significantly enhances the at-traction of inter-city investment in cities of western region and small cities.

关 键 词：高铁区位 重大基础设施 连通性 异地投资 空间异质性 

分 类 号：F532.3[经济管理—产业经济]