黔东南民族文化生态保护区非物质文化遗产的生态响应和环境秩序  

Ecological response and environmental order of intangible cultural heritage in ethnic cultural and ecological protection area of Southeast Guizhou

作　　者：陈子华 李嘉欣 王振波[1] Chen Zihua;Li Jiaxin;Wang Zhenbo(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;School of Ethnology and Sociology,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《地理科学》2024年第3期502-512,共11页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC850004)资助。

摘　　要：以黔东南民族文化生态保护区为例,运用地理学相关空间分析方法以及线性扩散接连分析法,对非物质文化遗产(非遗)生态要素进行分析。主要结论有:①黔东南非遗分布具亲山性、亲水性特点,3个区域的文化-生态要素各有不同;②非遗的环境依赖程度因文化类型不同而存在差异,其中制作、营造、医药、生产以及饮食酿制类非遗的生态依赖最明显;③非遗具有一定的生态脆弱性,生物多样性减少、土壤侵蚀、水质污染、气候变化等问题会影响到文化保护与传承;④非遗一方面依赖生态,一方面也因生态作用而扮演了建构、维系地方环境秩序的角色,直接表现为非遗推动跨县、跨海拔、跨地形地貌的生产分工与合作,在促进民族交流中具有积极作用。The ecological environment serves as the core of intangible cultural heritage(ICH),providing vital resources for its preservation and transmission.While substantial research has been conducted,the environ-mental support behind intangible cultural heritage and the nurturing role of the habitat in the formation of ICH have not been thoroughly explored and understood.Research on the ecological response of ICH can furnish new insights and approaches for exploring cultural ecology,preserving the human-environment relationship,and clarifying socio-ecological networks.This study focuses on ethnic cultural and ecological protection area of Southeast Guizhou,leveraging geographic spatial analysis methods and linear diffusion continuity analysis to the integral role of ecological factors in supporting the preservation and development of ICH.The key find-ings are as follows:1)ICH distribution in Southeast Guizhou exhibits a preference for mountainous and aquat-ic environments,and the degree of ecological response differs among the various ICH within the three areas,revealing distinct sub-cultural-ecological systems within the broader region.2)The environmental dependence of ICH varies among different cultural types,with production,construction,medicine,manufacturing,and food and beverage brewing showing the most pronounced ecological dependence.Notably,Some folk customs may not directly depend on environmental elements.However,their indirect reliance on the environment becomes evident when considering their association with other ICHs that are environmentally dependent.Additionally,some folk activities inherently carry connotations of nature worship.3)ICH has a certain degree of ecological vulnerability.Biodiversity loss,soil erosion,water pollution,and climate change pose significant threats,par-ticularly for those directly depending on environmental and biological resources.4)Due to its ecological im-pact,ICH plays an instrumental role in constructing and maintaining local environmental order,as manifested by its promotio

关 键 词：黔东南民族文化生态保护区 山地民族 生态响应 环境秩序 非物质文化遗产 

分 类 号：K901.6[历史地理—人文地理学]