黔西北典型旱作土壤重金属镉污染及同位素特征分析  

Analysis of cadmium pollution and isotope characteristics in typical dry-farming soil in Northwest Guizhou,China

作　　者：王程程 黄代宽 龚效宇 谢蔚嵩 WANG Chengcheng;HUANG Daikuan;GONG Xiaoyu;XIE Weisong(Guizhou Academy of Environmental Science&Designing,Guiyang 550081,China;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Technology Research,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省环境科学研究设计院,贵州贵阳550081 [2]贵州省水污染控制与资源化技术研究重点实验室,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《化工环保》2024年第2期271-278,共8页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21367008);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合SY字[2012]3037)。

摘　　要：以黔西北土法炼锌集中区域外的典型旱作土壤为研究对象,分析了土壤的Cd含量和同位素组成。结果表明,研究区域土壤样品重金属Cd含量为1.79~3.36 mg/kg,超出《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB 15618—2018)规定的农用地土壤污染风险筛选值和风险管制值4.97~10.20倍和0.26~1.24倍,超标率分别为100%和90%;土壤Cd的单因子污染指数均大于3属重度污染水平,平均地累积指数为1.31属偏中度污染水平,平均潜在生态危害指数为112属强的生态危害水平;土壤样品的δ^(114/110)Cd值为-0.34‰~-0.27‰,Cd同位素组成变化范围小且富集轻同位素;通过对比已有研究成果可知,该区域土壤Cd来源主要为铅锌矿区地质背景下的自然风化输入。Taking typical dry-farming soil outside the concentrated area of indigenous zinc smelting in northwest Guizhou as the research object,the Cd content and isotope composition in the soil were determined.The results show that the content of heavy metal Cd in the soil is 1.79-3.36 mg/kg,exceeding 4.97-10.20 times and 0.26-1.24 times of the risk screening value and risk intervention values for soil contamination of agricultural land specified by national standard GB 15618—2018(Trial),and the over-standard exceedance rate is 100%and 90%respectively.The single factor pollution index of Cd in soil is greater than 3,indicating a severe pollution level;The average cumulative index is 1.31,indicating a moderate level of pollution;The average potential ecological hazard index is 112,indicating a strong level of ecological hazard.Theδ^(114/110)Cd value of soil samples range from-0.34‰to-0.27‰,indicating a small range of variation in Cd isotope composition and enrichment of light isotopes.By comparing existing research results,it can be concluded that the main source of soil Cd in this area is natural weathering input under the geological background of lead-zinc mining areas.

关 键 词：旱作土壤 重金属 镉污染特征 镉同位素 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]