磷石膏堆场区域水环境中主要污染物分布特征及其风险评价  

Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of major pollutants in regional water environment of phosphogypsum yard

作　　者：李冰雁 李晨 游晨 李金娟[1] LI Bingyan;LI Chen;YOU Chen;LI Jinjuan(Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《化工环保》2024年第2期279-285,共7页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州喀斯特科学研究中心项目(U1612442)。

摘　　要：分析了摆纪磷石膏堆场区域水环境中污染物的分布特征,对地表水、地下水水质进行了风险评价。研究结果表明:堆场渗滤液中TP、F^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Mn、As、Cr、Zn、Cd、Pb、Cu构成渗滤液的主要污染物,含量分别是《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类或规定水质标准限值的29814.9倍、2775.3倍、18.2倍、493.2倍、351.8倍、131.6倍、12.8倍、8.0倍、3.4倍和1.32倍。地表水、地下水采样点中TP较高的采样点分布在马场坪镇段及堆场附近;水体中F^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)及重金属含量超标的采样点主要分布在马场坪镇街道段、发财洞区域及堆场附近;堆场水体中重金属元素超标的仅有Mn元素。单因子污染评价结果表明,仅Mn元素在马场坪镇街道段及堆场附近超出低污染水平,其他重金属造成污染的风险较低,处于低污染水平。Pn风险评价结果显示,23个采样点均处于无污染水平,水质状况良好。The distribution characteristics of pollutants in the regional water environment of Baiji phosphogypsum yard were analyzed,and the risk assessment of surface water and groundwater quality was carried out.The results show that TP,F-,SO42-,Mn,As,Cr,Zn,Cd,Pb and Cu constitute the main pollutants in the leachate of the yard,with their contents being 29814.9,2775.3,18.2,493.2,351.8,131.6,12.8,8.0,3.4,1.32 times of the limits of Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards ClassⅢor specified water quality standard,respectively.The sampling points with high TP in surface water and groundwater are distributed near the Machangping town section and the yard.The sampling points with excessive content of F^(-),SO_(4)^(2-)and heavy metals in the water body are mainly distributed in the street section of Machangping Town,the area of Fortune Cave and the vicinity of the yard.Mn is the only excessive heavy metal element in the water of the yard.The results of single-factor evaluation show that only Mn elements exceeds the low pollution level in the street section of Machangping Town and near the yard,and the risk of pollution caused by other heavy metals is low and at a low pollution level.The results of Pn risk assessment show that all the 23 sampling points are at a pollution-free level and the water quality is good.

关 键 词：磷石膏堆场 水环境 重金属 磷污染 风险评价 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]