火星全大气模式与沙尘活动模拟研究:回顾与展望  

Martian whole atmosphere model and dust activities:Review and prospect

作　　者：周旭[1] 魏勇[1,2] 吴兆朋 任志鹏 谭宁[3] 范斯腾 何飞 戎昭金 闫丽梅 王誉棋[1,2] 范开 高佳维 Xu Zhou;Yong Wei;Zhaopeng Wu;Zhipeng Ren;Ning Tan;Siteng Fan;Fei He;Zhaojin Rong;Limei Yan;Yuqi Wang;Kai Fan;Jiawei Gao(Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;College of Earth and Planetary Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Earth and Space Sciences,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,中国科学院地球与行星物理重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,中国科学院新生代地质与环境重点实验室,北京100029 [4]南方科技大学地球与空间科学系,深圳518055

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第8期1058-1067,共10页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42222408,42204165,42241135,42304186);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDBS-SSW-TLC00103);中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所重点部署项目(IGGCAS-201904,IGGCAS-202102);中国科学院青年创新促进会(Y2021027);中国博士后科学基金(2023M743466)资助。

摘　　要：基于火星全大气模式的数值模拟研究有助于深入理解火星陆面-大气-空间环境多圈层相互耦合过程,是当今国际研究热点.模式对整个火星大气区域气象要素的描述亦可作为保障火星探测活动顺利开展的重要参考依据.沙尘活动显著影响着火星气候与天气变化,也对火星表面探测器可造成巨大安全威胁.对沙尘活动及其影响完善的模拟是目前全大气模式开发与研究工作中的重点之一.本文回顾了火星全大气模式的发展历程,概述了其构建方法,总结了相关科研成果,多角度论述了自主发展火星全大气模式的重要科研与工程价值,建议以火星沙尘活动为重点研究方向,牵引我国火星全大气模式的自主研发.模式的开发与应用涉及行星科学、空间科学、大气科学、计算机科学多领域协同合作.其开发过程势必带动我国行星科学全面发展,为相关研究领域积累经验、储备人才.Developing the Martian whole atmosphere model (WAM) helps us understand the Martian land-atmosphere-spacecoupling comprehensively. In the history of Mars exploration, simulations performed by various Martian atmospheremodels played a crucial role in ensuring the success of those Mars exploration emissions. On the other hand, more accurateobservations also advance the model development. Realizing the importance of dynamics, physics, and chemistry in Marsaerospace motivated scientists to extend the upper boundary of models from the lower atmosphere to the exobase. At thebeginning of the 21st century, the prototype of WAM covering the entire atmospheric region was developed, greatlyfacilitating the relevant investigation. Mars dust is one of the most critical activities that significantly affect the climate andweather in a wide vertical range and thus pose a considerable threat to the safety of Mars surface detectors. The bettersimulation of dust activities and their impacts on the atmosphere and space should be one of the critical points in thedevelopment of the Martian WAM. This paper reviews the development history of the Mars WAM, outlines its constructionmethods, summarizes relevant scientific research achievements, and discusses the essential scientific research andengineering value of independently developing the Mars WAM from multiple perspectives. We have selected threeadvanced Martian WAMs developed by international groups to discuss the relationship between their development and theexploration mission at that time, including the MGCM-MTGCM (Mars GCM coupled with Mars Thermosphere GeneralCirculation Model), the M-GITM (Mars Global Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model), and the Mars PCM (Mars PlanetaryClimate Model). Then, we briefly introduce how to construct a Mars WAM and stress the key technologies in the modeldevelopment. Furthermore, a preliminary numerical experiment under standard and high-dusty conditions was displayed,simulated by a coupled model of Mars-WRF and MITM (Mars Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model).

关 键 词：火星全大气模式 数值模拟 火星沙尘暴 火星多圈层耦合 

分 类 号：P185.3[天文地球—天文学]