Gravitational waves and primordial black hole productions from gluodynamics by holography  

作　　者：Song He Li Li Zhibin Li Shao-Jiang Wang 

机构地区：[1]Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China [2]Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics(Albert Einstein Institute),Golm 14476,Germany [3]CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics,Institute of Theoretical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China [4]School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China [5]Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China [6]School of Physics and Microelectronics,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China

出　　处：《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》2024年第4期31-42,共12页中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFC2203004,and 2020YFC2201501);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12075101,12235016,12122513,12075298,12047569,11991052,12047503,12105344,11947233,and 12235019);the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(Grant No.XDPB15);the Science Research Grants from the China Manned Space Project(Grant No.CMS-CSST-2021-B01);the financial support from Jilin University;Max Planck Partner group。

摘　　要：Understanding the nature of quantum chromodynamics(QCD)matter is important but challenging due to the presence of nonperturbative dynamics under extreme conditions.We construct a holographic model describing the gluon sector of QCD at finite temperatures in the non-perturbative regime.The equation of state as a function of temperature is in good accordance with the lattice QCD data.Moreover,the Polyakov loop and the gluon condensation,which are proper order parameters to capture the deconfinement phase transition,also agree quantitatively well with the lattice QCD data.We obtain a strong first-order confinement/deconfinement phase transition at Tc=276.5 Me V that is consistent with the lattice QCD prediction.Based on our model for a pure gluon hidden sector,we compute the stochastic gravitational waves and primordial black hole(PBH)productions from this confinement/deconfinement phase transition in the early Universe.The resulting stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds are found to be within detectability in the International Pulsar Timing Array and Square Kilometre Array in the near future when the associated productions of PBHs saturate the current observational bounds on the PBH abundances from the LIGO-Virgo-Collaboration O3 data.

关 键 词：AdS/QCD confinement/deconfinement phase transition gravitational wave primordial black hole 

分 类 号：P14[天文地球—天体物理]