半地半轨双层立式停车装置框架多目标结构优化  

Multi-Objective Structural Optimization of Frame of Double-Layer Vertical Parking Device with Semi Ground and Semi Rail

作　　者：沈仙法[1] 郁锦涛 张月 陈晓颖 SHEN Xian-fa;YU Jin-tao;ZHANG Yue;CHEN Xiao-ying(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Sanjiang University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210012,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Nanjing Technology University,Jiangsu Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]三江学院机械与电气工程学院,江苏南京210012 [2]南京工业大学机械与动力工程学院,江苏南京211816

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第4期248-253,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：三江学院科研资助项目(2019SJKY005);江苏省高校自然科学研究资助项目(17KJB460011;14KJB460022)。

摘　　要：为实现半地半轨双层立式停车装置框架结构的轻量化,利用UG建立停车装置框架三维模型,并导入到ANSYS Workbench中进行静力学和模态分析,获得框架等效应力、总体变形、安全系数云图以及前6阶固有振型与频率,找到框架结构的冗余和薄弱部位,再分别以框架横梁和立柱截面的宽度、长度和厚度为优化变量,质量、应力、变形和安全系数为优化目标,以截面尺寸范围、许用应力和最小安全系数为约束条件,建立优化数学模型。然后在ANSYS Workbench响应面优化模块中进行试验设计,并采用多目标遗传算法对框架横梁和立柱的截面尺寸进行多目标优化,得到其截面尺寸的Pareto最优解集和候选设计点。在此基础上,提出框架整体优化设计方案并完成静力学验证。结果表明,优化后的框架整体总质量由优化前的988.731kg降低到664.645kg,降幅达32.78%,优化效果显著,并且其强度、变形和安全系数均满足安全要求。In order to realize the lightweight of the frame structure of double-layer vertical parking device with semi ground and semi rail,a 3D model of the parking device frame was built by UG,and was imported into ANSYS Workbench for static analysis and modal analysis.The equivalent stress,total deformation,safety factor nephogram and the first 6 natural modes and frequen-cies were obtained.The redundant and weak parts of the frame structure were found.Taking the width,length and thickness of the cross-section of the frame beam and column as the optimization variables,taking the quality,stress,deformation and safety factor as the optimization objectives,and taking the section size range,allowable stress and minimum safety factor as the con-straint conditions,the optimization mathematical model were established.Then,the experimental design was carried out in the re-sponse surface optimization module of ANSYS Workbench,and the multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to optimize the cross-section size of the frame beam and column,and the Pareto optimal solution set and candidate design points of the cross-section size were obtained.On this basis,the overall optimization design scheme of the frame was proposed and the static verifica-tion was completed.The results show that the overall weight of the optimized frame is reduced from 988.731kg to 664.645kg,with a decrease rate of 32.78%.The optimization effect is remarkable,and its strength,deformation and safety factor all meet the safety requirements.

关 键 词：停车装置 框架 结构优化 ANSYS Workbench 多目标遗传算法 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH126[机械工程—车辆工程] U468.5[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]